Search (1244 results, page 2 of 63)

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Abstract

Discusses drawbacks of the Java programming language, and proposes some potential improvements for concurrent object-oriented software development. Java's passive object model does not provide an effective means for building distributed applications, critical for the future of Web-based next-generation information systems. Suggests improvements to Java's existing mechanisms for maintaining consistency across multiple threads, sending asynchronous messages and controlling resources. Drives the discussion with examples and suggestions from work on the Actor model of computation

Object

Java

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Abstract

This paper proposes the use of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as a language for modelling ontologies for Web resources and the knowledge contained within them. To provide a mechanism for serialising and processing object diagrams representing knowledge, a pair of XSI-T stylesheets have been developed to map from XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) encodings of class diagrams to corresponding RDF schemas and to Java classes representing the concepts in the ontologies. The Java code includes methods for marshalling and unmarshalling object-oriented information between in-memory data structures and RDF serialisations of that information. This provides a convenient mechanism for Java applications to share knowledge on the Web

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Abstract

Reports agreements between Ovid Technologies and 5 publishing companies (Blackwell Science, Lippincott-Raven, Munksgaard, Plenum, Willams and Wilkins) to secure the rights to the full text over 400 leading periodicals. Once the periodicals are loaded on Ovid they will be linked with other fulltext electronic periodicals to bibliographic databases to produce a web of related documents and threaded information. Concludes with notes on the Ovid Java Client graphic user interface, which offers increased speeds of searching the WWW

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Abstract

Politicians' Web sites have been considered a medium for organizing, mobilizing, and agenda-setting, but extant literature lacks a systematic approach to interpret the Web sites of senators - a new medium for political communication. This study classifies the role of political Web sites into relational (hyperlinking) and topical (shared-issues) aspects. The two aspects may be viewed from a social embeddedness perspective and three facets, as K. Foot and S. Schneider ([2002]) suggested. This study employed network analysis, a set of research procedures for identifying structures in social systems, as the basis of the relations among the system's components rather than the attributes of individuals. Hyperlink and issue data were gathered from the United States Senate Web site and Yahoo. Major findings include: (a) The hyperlinks are more targeted at Democratic senators than at Republicans and are a means of communication for senators and users; (b) the issue network found from the Web is used for discussing public agendas and is more highly utilized by Republican senators; (c) the hyperlink and issue networks are correlated; and (d) social relationships and issue ecologies can be effectively detected by these two networks. The need for further research is addressed.

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Abstract

Analyzing hyperlink patterns has been a major research topic since the early days of the web. Numerous studies reported uncovering rich information and methodological advances. However, very few studies thus far examined hyperlinks in the rapidly developing sphere of social media. This paper reports a study that helps fill this gap. The study analyzed links originating from tweets to the websites of 3 types of organizations (government, education, and business). Data were collected over an 8-month period to observe the fluctuation and reliability of the individual data set. Hyperlink data from the general web (not social media sites) were also collected and compared with social media data. The study found that the 2 types of hyperlink data correlated significantly and that analyzing the 2 together can help organizations see their relative strength or weakness in the two platforms. The study also found that both types of inlink data correlated with offline measures of organizations' performance. Twitter data from a relatively short period were fairly reliable in estimating performance measures. The timelier nature of social media data as well as the date/time stamps on tweets make this type of data potentially more valuable than that from the general web.

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Abstract

The study focuses on the web presence of the main Spanish media and seeks to determine whether hyperlink analysis of media and political parties can provide insight into their political orientation. The research included all major national media and political parties in Spain. Inlink and co-link data about these organizations were collected and analyzed using multidimensional scaling (MDS) and other statistical methods. In the MDS map, media are clustered based on their political orientation. There are significantly more co-links between media and parties with the same political orientation than there are between those with different political orientations. Findings from the study suggest the potential of using link analysis to gain new insights into the interactions among media and political parties.

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Abstract

Feature on OCLC's SiteSearch suite of software, first introduced in 1992, and how it is helping over 250 libraries integrate and manage their electronic library collections. Describes the new features of version 4.0, released in Apr 1997, which include a new interface, Java based architecture, and an online documentation and training site. Gives an account of how Java is helping the Georgia Library Learning Online (GALILEO) project to keep pace on the WWW; the use of SiteSearch by libraries to customize their interface to electronic resources; and gives details of Project Athena (Assessing Technological Horizons to Educate the Nashville Area), which is using OCLC SiteSearch to allow area library users to search the holdings of public and university libraries simultaneously

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Abstract

The Wolverhampton Web Library (WWLib) is a WWW search engine that provides access to UK based information. The experimental version developed in 1995, was a success but highlighted the need for a much higher degree of automation. An interesting feature of the experimental WWLib was that it organised information according to DDC. Discusses the advantages of classification and describes the automatic classifier that is being developed in Java as part of the new, fully automated WWLib

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Abstract

Hyper-G, developed at the Graz University of Technology, Austria, is a 2nd generation hypermedia information system that aims to overcome the problems of the existing Internet interfaces such as the WWW, WAIS and gopher. It supports tools for structuring, maintaining, and serving heterogeneous multimedia data, guaratees automatic hyperlink consistency, supports hyperlinks among multimedia documents, offers full text retrieval, a Unix like security system, client gateways to gopher and Web browsers, includes seamless access to server technologies, and offers advanced navigation tools and the ability to manipulate information in multiple ways. It offers a genuine alternative to the WWW

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Abstract

Support for integrating software descriptions is 1 of the key requirements for advanced systems development. Design of upper CASE tools can be greatly increased in power by hypermedia functionality, which provides tool users with smooth transfer possibilities through the dependencies between documents or parts of them. Discusses the prominent hypermedia features required for accomplishing this and describes a prototype in a meta-Case environment. Defines different hyperlink types, supporting dependency representation and navigation, requirements tracing, annotation, argumentation, and bookmarking and landmarking capabilities. Discusses a set of link navigation features

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Abstract

The World Wide Web (simplified here to "Web") is well-known for its "point and click" graphical user interface (GUI) and hyperlink search and navigate capabilities. When OPACs are placed in this operational context, users can easily hyperlink from a bibliographic display to related search terms, class marks, or bibliographic records. This hyperlinking capability is not available in most conventional text-based OPACs. As more and more users undertake their searches on Web-based information retrieval systems such as OPACs, it is natural to ask, "Are Web-based OPACs more effective retrieval systems than their conventional predecessors?" This paper presents the findings of an experimental study which compared users' search performance, assessments of ease of use, and satisfaction with search results after use of a Web OPAC or its conventional counterpart. The primary questions addressed by this research center on the influence of two experimental factors, OPAC search interface style and search task level of difficulty, on the dependent variables: actual search performance, perceptions of ease of use, and user assessments of satisfaction with search results. It was hypothesized that Web OPACs would be assessed as easier to use and that they would outperform conventional OPACs when measured by actual search results and users' levels of satisfaction with search results. Web OPAC searchers outperformed Text OPAC searchers, but search task level of difficulty is a major determinant of search success. The study also found little association between searchers' level of satisfaction with results and actual search performance

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Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to claim that it is useful to assess the web connectivity of research groups, describe hyperlink-based techniques to achieve this and present brief details of European life sciences research groups as a case study. Design/methodology/approach - A commercial search engine was harnessed to deliver hyperlink data via its automatic query submission interface. A special purpose link analysis tool, LexiURL, then summarised and graphed the link data in appropriate ways. Findings - Webometrics can provide a wide range of descriptive information about the international connectivity of research groups. Research limitations/implications - Only one field was analysed, data was taken from only one search engine, and the results were not validated. Practical implications - Web connectivity seems to be particularly important for attracting overseas job applicants and to promote research achievements and capabilities, and hence we contend that it can be useful for national and international governments to use webometrics to ensure that the web is being used effectively by research groups. Originality/value - This is the first paper to make a case for the value of using a range of webometric techniques to evaluate the web presences of research groups within a field, and possibly the first "applied" webometrics study produced for an external contract.

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Abstract

Webometric network analyses have been used to map the connectivity of groups of websites to identify clusters, important sites or overall structure. Such analyses have mainly been based upon hyperlink counts, the number of hyperlinks between a pair of websites, although some have used title mentions or URL citations instead. The ability to automatically gather hyperlink counts from Yahoo! ceased in April 2011 and the ability to manually gather such counts was due to cease by early 2012, creating a need for alternatives. This article assesses URL citations and title mentions as possible replacements for hyperlinks in both binary and weighted direct link and co-inlink network diagrams. It also assesses three different types of data for the network connections: hit count estimates, counts of matching URLs, and filtered counts of matching URLs. Results from analyses of U.S. library and information science departments and U.K. universities give evidence that metrics based upon URLs or titles can be appropriate replacements for metrics based upon hyperlinks for both binary and weighted networks, although filtered counts of matching URLs are necessary to give the best results for co-title mention and co-URL citation network diagrams.

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Abstract

Proposes a new mechanism for implicitly specifying hyperlinks in HTML documents using indices. Indices maintain these key /a ttribute bindings over all or part of a document, and are used by browsers to create hyperlinks dynamically. Indices may also include bindings of other indices, in a hierarchical fashion. Indices are both simpler and more general than the current HTML hyperlink mechnisms. Develops a prototype browser that user index-based hyperlinks

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Abstract

The primary purpose of the study was to identify motivations for hyperlinking in scholarly electronic articles. Fifteen Indiana University faculty and graduate students who had published at least one scholarly electronic article containing at least one external hyperlink were surveyed. Through a series of qualitative interviews, 19 different hyperlinking motivations, classified into the three motivational groups -scholarly, social, and technological-along the dimensional ranges of their properties, were identified. The vast majority of the hyperlinks were attributed to more than one motivation by the authors. The empirical findings of the study demonstrated that scholars use hyperlinks for a variety of purposes, and that their hyperlinking behavior frequently results from a complex interplay of motivations

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Abstract

Results from recent advances in link metrics have demonstrated that the hyperlink structure of national university systems can be strongly related to the research productivity of the individual institutions. This paper uses a page categorization to show that restricting the metrics to subsets more closely related to the research of the host university can produce even stronger associations. A partial overlap was also found between the effects of applying advanced document models and separating page types, but the best results were achieved through a combination of the two.

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Abstract

Presents a Guided tour system for the WWW, called Ariadne, which implements the ideas of trails and guided tours, originating from the hypertext field. Ariadne appears as a Java applet to the user and it stores guided tours in a database format separated from the WWW documents included in the tour. Itd main advantages are: an independent user interface which does not affect the layout of the documents being part of the tour, branching tours where the user may follow alternative routes, composition of existing tours into aggregate tours, overview map with indication of which parts of a tour have been visited an support for getting back on track. Ariadne is available as a research prototype, and it has been tested among a group of university students as well as casual users on the Internet

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Abstract

This book provides a quick, concise guide to the issues surrounding the preparation of a well-designed, professional web site using HTML. Topics covered include: how to plan your web site effectively, effective use of hypertext, images, audio and video; layout techniques using tables and and list; how to use style sheets, font sizes and plans for mathematical equation make up. Integration of CGI scripts, Java and ActiveX into your web site is also discussed