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  1. García, J.A.; Rodriguez-Sánchez, R.; Fdez-Valdivia, J.: Scientific subject categories of Web of Knowledge ranked according to their multidimensional prestige of influential journals (2012) 0.05
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    Abstract
    A journal may be considered as having dimension-specific prestige when its score, based on a given journal ranking model, exceeds a threshold value. But a journal has multidimensional prestige only if it is a prestigious journal with respect to a number of dimensions-e.g., Institute for Scientific Information Impact Factor, immediacy index, eigenfactor score, and article influence score. The multidimensional prestige of influential journals takes into account the fact that several prestige indicators should be used for a distinct analysis of the impact of scholarly journals in a subject category. After having identified the multidimensionally influential journals, their prestige scores can be aggregated to produce a summary measure of multidimensional prestige for a subject category, which satisfies numerous properties. Using this measure of multidimensional prestige to rank subject categories, we have found the top scientific subject categories of Web of Knowledge as of 2010.
  2. Kang, M.: Motivational affordances and survival of new askers on social Q&A sites : the case of Stack Exchange network (2022) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Social question-and-answer (Q&A) sites are platforms where users can freely ask, share, and rate knowledge. For the sustainable growth of social Q&A sites, maintaining askers is as critical as maintaining answerers. Based on motivational affordances theory and self-determination theory, this study explores the influence of the design elements of social Q&A sites (i.e., upvotes, downvotes, edits, user profile, and comments) on the survival of new askers. In addition, the moderating effect of having an alternative experience is examined. Online data on 25,000 new askers from the top five Q&A sites in the Technology category of the Stack Exchange network are analyzed using logistic regression. The results show that the competency- and autonomy-related design features of social Q&A sites motivate new askers to continue participating. Surprisingly, having an alternative experience shows a negative moderating effect, implying that alternative experiences increase switching costs in the Stack Exchange network. This study provides valuable insights for administrators of social Q&A sites as well as academics.
  3. Batley, S.: Information architecture for information professionals (2007) 0.05
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    Abstract
    This book covers the key aspects of information architecture: core elements of information management - indexing, cataloguing and classification - organising and recording information in the digital environment. The book also focuses on design - specifically user-centred design: designing information systems that support the needs of users, by providing attractive, intuitive interfaces that support a range of information tasks and accommodate a range of individual resources. Key Features: (1) Is aimed at information professionals - existing texts in this emerging area are primarily aimed at web managers. (2) Is a straightforward introduction to the area. The Author: Dr Batley is a senior lecturer at the London Metropolitan University with teaching and research in the areas of organisation and retrieval of information and knowledge resources. Having completed a PhD on factors affecting the retrieval of information from picture databases in 1989, she worked as a subject librarian at the University of East London, before taking up her current post in 1996. Dr Batley is the author of another Chandos book, 'Classification in Theory and Practice'. Readership: The book is aimed at library and information practitioners; students of librarianship, information studies and information management. Contents: Introduction to information architecture Managing content Document description and content analysis Needs, task and resource analysis Indexing and ontologies Metadata Classification and taxonomy creation User-centred design and evaluation
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 60(2007) H.2, S.70-74 (O. Oberhauser): "In unseren Breiten ist der Begriff "information architecture" (IA) noch nicht sehr geläufig. Zwar existiert bereits das Äquivalent "Informationsarchitektur - so weist nicht nur die deutschsprachige Wikipedia einen entsprechenden Eintrag auf, sondern man findet auch im Dreiländerkatalog mittels Titelwortsuche "ungefähr 12" Treffer dazu -, doch wer aus unseren Kreisen vermag den Begriffsumfang anzugeben, den Terminus zu erläutern bzw. abzugrenzen? Haben wir es mit einem Modebegriff zu tun? Mit einem Quasi-Synonym zu bestehenden Begriffen wie Informations- oder Wissensorganisation? Wurden gar Klassifikation bzw. Thesaurus - eben erst zu "Taxonomien" umgemodelt - schon wieder einmal neu erfunden oder entdeckt? Geht man dem Terminus "information architecture" nach, so erfährt man, vielleicht mit einem gewissen Erstaunen, zum Beispiel folgendes: - der Begriff wurde bereits 1975 von dem Architekten und Graphikdesigner Richard Wurman geprägt, der sich damit auf eine bessere und benutzerfreundlichere, von architektonischen Prinzipien inspirierte Gestaltung von Informationen bezog; - der Terminus setzte sich allerdings erst mit der Publikation des Buches der aus dem bibliothekarischen Kontext stammenden Autoren Rosenfeld und Morville (1998, soeben in dritter Auflage erschienen) sowie einer ASIS&T-Tagung zur Definition von IA (2000) in breiteren Kreisen durch; - spätestens mit der Publikation von "Information architects" hat Wurman auch diesen, eine Tätigkeit bzw. einen Beruf beschreibenden Terminus etabliert; - seit 2002 besteht das "Information Architecture Institute" (IIA), eine Non-Profit-Organisation zur Entwicklung und Förderung von IA, mit bereits über 1000 Mitgliedern in 60 Staaten und einer Website in acht Sprachen; - (amerikanische) Universitäten haben bereits mit der Etablierung von IA-Studiengängen bzw. Vertiefungsrichtungen (etwa im Fach Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft) begonnen.
    Dem Begriff IA kann also nicht mehr ausgewichen werden. Was ist nun wirklich damit gemeint? Das IIA gibt folgende Definition: "1. Das strukturelle Design von gemeinschaftlich genutzten Informationsumgebungen. 2. Die Kunst und Wissenschaft Websites, Intranets, Online-Communitys [sic!] und Software zu strukturieren und Bezeichnungssysteme zu entwickeln, um Usability und die Auffindbarkeit von Inhalten herzustellen. 3. Eine sich herauskristallisierende Community von Praktikern, die Designund Architekturprinzipien in die digitale Landschaft einführen will." Bei Rosenfeld & Morville (Auflage 1998) heisst es - nicht unähnlich, aber doch nicht deckungsgleich -, IA sei: 1. The combination of organization, labeling, and navigation schemes within an information system. 2. The structural design of an information space to facilitate task completion and intuitive access to content. 3. The art and science of structuring and classifying web sites and intranets to help people find and manage information. 4. An emerging discipline and community of practice focusing on bringing principles of design and architecture to the digital landscape. IA hat aber wohl nicht nur mit dem Design von Websites zu tun. Sue Batley, deren Buch sich im Gegensatz zu jenem der beiden amerikanischen Autoren nicht an Webdesigner, sondern an Informationsspezialisten wendet, betont im ersten Kapitel, dass es gegenwärtig (noch) keine allgemeingültige Definition für IA gebe; zuviel sei noch in Entwicklung bzw. im Fluss. Sie sieht, mit Blick auf die Zielgruppe der Informationsspezialisten, IA als eine Verbindung der Kernelemente des Informationsmanagements mit den Prinzipien des benutzerzentrierten Designs. Die Verbesserung von Auffindbarkeit ("increasing findability") gilt ihr hier als die wesentliche Aktivität. Als zentrale Begriffe in diesem Zusammenhang stellt Batley daher auch "indexes and indexing", "classification", "cataloguing" sowie "user-centered design" (von Informationssystemen) vor.
    Im zweiten Kapitel, das ich für besonders lesenswert halte, beschäftigt sich die Autorin mit vier als "preliminaries" bezeichneten Stadien im Prozess des Designs von Informationssystemen: "information needs analysis" (welche Informationen werden benötigt), "task analysis" (für welche Aufgaben werden die Informationen benötigt), "resource analysis" (welche persönliche Kompetenzen bzw. praktischen Fähigkeiten stehen den präsumtiven Benutzern bereits zur Verfügung), "user modelling" (Segmentierung bzw. Kategorisierung der Anwender). In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch Begriffe wie "information audit" oder "needs assessment" erläutert sowie methodische Frage angerissen; zudem wird eine kleine Fallstudie als Beispiel präsentiert. Das folgende Kapitel ("Searching and finding") konzentriert sich auf die Informationssuche bzw. auf Retrievalaspekte. Dabei werden die Strategien des Suchens und Browsings im allgemeinen wie auch im besonderen (z.B. Boolesche Suchformulierungen, bibliothekarische Klassifikationen und Webtaxonomien) vorgestellt. Daran schliesst sich ein Kapitel über Dokumente und Dokumentbeschreibungen, in dem auf formale wie auch auf inhaltliche Aspekte der Dokumente (Metadaten vs. Thesauri) eingegangen wird. Kapitel 5 hat dann wieder einen höheren Neuigkeitswert für den bibliothekarischen Leser, da es hier um "interface and display design" geht. Begriffe wie Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle und mentale Modelle der Interaktion mit Computern (Metaphern) werden hier ebenso vorgestellt wie Interaktionsstile (z.B. Kommandosprachen vs. Formulare, Web-Kataloge) und grundsätzliche Designprinzipien (Bildschirmlayout, Navigation, Graphik etc.) Das darauf folgende kurze Kapitel "Management and maintenance" thematisiert Aspekte wie Content Management sowie organisatorische Fragen. In "Evaluation", dem abschliessenden Kapitel, geht es schliesslich um die Abschätzung von Wert und Qualität der durchgeführten "Informationsarchitektur", also um Wirksamkeit und Leistungsfähigkeit eines Systems (gemessen z.B. mittels bekannter Parameter wie Precision und Recall), aber auch um die damit erzielte Benutzerzufriedenheit.
    Wie aus dieser kurzen Beschreibung ersichtlich wird, wartet das Buch mit zahlreichen interessanten Themen auf - oder reisst diese eben nur kurz an. Vielfach hätte man sich auch von einer Einführung mehr Detailreichtum erwartet, wobei natürlich nicht bekannt ist, welche Vorgaben die Autorin im Hinblick auf den Umfang des Buches zu beachten hatte. Meinem persönlichen Geschmack nach hätte der Band jedenfalls ruhig doppelt so dick sein dürfen, um mehr als nur einen kurzen Einstieg bieten zu können. Immerhin, so sei konzediert, enthält aber jedes Kapitel eine gute Auswahl an Hinweisen auf weiterführende Literatur. Wie auch schon ihrem vor zwei Jahren erschienenen Klassifikationsbuch9 ist Batley insgesamt eine aufgelockerte und gut lesbare Darstellung gelungen. Die eingangs gestellte Frage - Modebegriff? Quasi-Synonym? - beantwortet das Buch indes nicht wirklich. Die Verbindung der Kernelemente des Informationsmanagements mit den Prinzipien des benutzerzentrierten Designs erscheint mir eigentlich als nichts wesentlich Neues - hätte Informationsdesign nicht schon immer so sein sollen? Gerade nach der Lektüre des vorliegenden Buches werde ich den Verdacht nicht los, dass der Neologismus "Informationsarchitektur" mehr schick als inhaltsschwer ist. Man mag darin vielleicht den Versuch sehen, Vorhandenes aus einer anderen Perspektive zu betrachten oder auch das Bestreben, Inhalte und Themen aus dem Kernbereich der Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis für Interessenten ohne einschlägige Vorbildung schmackhaft und/oder verständlich aufzubereiten. Die Ambition, dies zu einer Tätigkeits- oder Berufsbezeichnung ("information architect") hochzustilisieren, kommt mir wenigstens so fragwürdig vor wie das seinerzeitige, unselige und immer noch nicht vollständig überwundene Auseinanderdividieren von Bibliothekaren und Dokumentaren."
  4. Brooks, T.A.: ¬The model of science and scientific models in librarianship (1989) 0.05
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    Abstract
    GOLDHORs challenge to librarianship to find invariant, universal relationships among library variables is discussed. Scientific problem solving is seen within the context of KUHNian science, and research in librarianship is consiedered as not having the characteristics of KUHNian science. The work of librarianship is analyzed as primariliy a discussion of values, or post hoc rationalization of event. It is concluded that library problem solving will not succeed until fundamental problems are addressed.
  5. Vita, S.H.: PREMARC: a history and status report (1992) 0.05
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    Abstract
    The Library of Congress' PREMARC file, conversion of which was completed in 1987, comprises approximately 5 million records from the Library's pre-1968 shelflist. The Libray has mounted a concerted effort to improve the quality of these records by a process of comparison with the Library's Official Catalog. The Library is contemplating conducting a market survey to ascertain whether there is interest in the community in having PREMARC records distributed.
  6. Rada, R.: Hypertext and paper : a special synergy (1991) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Some people argure that hypertext is easy to write, is hard to create by converting existing text into hypertext, and has a massive market. This paper argures the contrary. First, Hypertext is hard to write. Second, automatically converting a text into hypertext is, to a first approximation, easy. Third, successful marketing of hypertext depends on having a large volume of material that is also available in paper form
  7. Oßwald, A.: Intelligent gateways : functions for the benefit of the electronic library (1993) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Users having access only to the local information pools of an electronic library might miss relevant information. Intelligent gateways offer a chance to reduce this by extending the access to more information pools, reducing the access problem, reducing the problems of selection, and offering the information in a way users want. Gives an overview on the possibilities offered by intelligent gateways and explains how their functions could be integrated in the concept of the electronic library
  8. Studwell, W.E.: ¬A tale of two decades, or, the decline of the fortunes of LC subject headings (1994) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Claims that there is no clear plan, comprehensive philosophy, or macro approach to the revision of Library of Congress Subject Headings. Having missed a great opportunity in the mid-1980s to develop a subject analog of AACR2, LC is now in a period of decline. Discusses alternatives to LC subject access such as PRECIS and keyword searching. Urges LC to halt and reverse the decline by bold, decisive action in the 1990s
  9. Connatser, B.R.: Setting the context for understanding (1994) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Technical writers aim to determine with presision the knowledge base and needs of the intended audience. They must produce reader oriented syntax, leading them to understanding, while resisting false rhetoric but having the confidence to make the reader feel comfortable with the text. Establishing context is an essential element of success. Gives examples of techniques for establishing context, pointing and some pitfalls
  10. Ciardhuain, S.O.: Developments in networked bibliographic catalogues (1994) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Computer and communications technology is having a profound impact on libraries and the way in which they serve their users. Discusses online catalogues in libraries, the development of the Internet and OSI, and the development of search and retrieve (SR) protocols to allow standardized access to library catalogues across communications networks. Considers the deployment of SR protocols, problems with interoperability of clients and servers, interlibrary loan possibilities of SR protocols, and the feasibility of electronic document delivery
  11. Taylor, A.G.: ¬The information universe : will we have chaos of control? (1994) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Presents evidence to suggest that the online world needs the bibliographic skills of librarians but that the term bibliographic control is likely to be associated specifically with libraries and liable to misinterpretation. Suggests that it may be time to start talking about information organization which may be described as having the following 4 aspects: making new information bearing entities known; acquiring such entities at certain points of accumulation; providing name, title and subject access to the entities; and providing for the physical location of copies. Urges librarians rapidly to adapt their skills to this increasing need for information organization
  12. Ertel, M.: Brave New World : what a working librarian should know about living on the Internet (1995) 0.05
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    Abstract
    The Internet is having a great impact not only on how librarians work but on how they deal with the organizations and/or sources who provide the information. Examines problems associated with dealing with the Internet: how can relevant information be located; how can the quality of the source be validated; what costs are acceptable; and what resource is there if the information is defective. Offers advice on the use of the Internet
  13. Sheather, G.; Nolan, T.: Solving reshelving backlogs in a university library : a case study using an interactive problem-solving technique with a TQM application (1995) 0.05
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    Abstract
    The General Purpose Utility Problem Solving (GPUPS) technique, developed at the Manufacturing Management Programme, School of Management, Sydney University of Technology, was applied by the library of a satellite campus of Sydney University of Technology, to solve the problem that it was having with periodic backlogs of books to be reshelved, associated with shortages of trolleys, limited floor storage area and minimal library staff to deal with the situation
  14. Chang, R.H.: To classify or not to classify? : a new look at an old problem (1989) 0.05
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    Abstract
    After differentiating between external and internal bibliographic control, classification, as a method of internal bibliographic control of periodicals is discussed. In order to help decide whether or not to classify periodicals, the library of the University of Houston-Downtown conducted a short questionnaire survey of 33 state university libraries. Responses are analysed, advantages and disadvantages of having a classified periodical collection outlined, and it is suggested that, with the increasing popularity of library technology, periodicals need to be classified although opinion on how to display periodicals is mixed.
  15. Kilgour, F.G.: Cataloguing for a specific miniature catalog (1995) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Reports on a study which aimed to determine the extent to which cataloguing can be reduced when cataloguing a book for a single screen minicat results from a search using the surname of the author of the book. The results show that the percentage of books having personal authors that are catalogued in a research library that will become entries in a 1 screen minicat is 35.6 when searched. Library could significantly reduce cataloguing expenditures by simplifying cataloguing nearly 2/5s of the time
  16. Kluegal, K.; Loehr, E.: 'Can I find it on PAIS?' : Comparing PAIS on CD-ROM and PAIS on DIALOG. (1990) 0.05
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    Abstract
    The study explains the perceived differences in retrieval patterns between the on-line PAIS (Public Affairs Information Services) data base on DIALOG (File 49) and PAIS on CD-ROM. Describes the search strategies applied to the 2 data bases and the result obtained. Concludes that if users can bring to PAIS on CD-ROM search expertise gained elsewhere, then, in the Expert mode, having gained sufficient undestanding of specific search techniques and file structure, the motivated searcher can achieve results equivalent to the results of searching PAIS on DIALOG
  17. Clausen, H.: Web information quality as seen from the libraries (1996) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Discusses different types of quality problems having their roots in the Internet and some possible solutions. Gives a provisional definition of WWW information quality. Presents some of the findings from an empirical survey of Danish academic and business users of the Internet. Concludes that only natural intelligence will be able to cope with the enormous task of filtering and distilling usable and useful information needles from the Internet haystack. Development of new and more efficient tools for the retrieval of quality information is extremely urgent
  18. Biddiscombe, R.: Developing a Web library guide for an academic library : problems, solutions and future possibilities (1997) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Describes the development of a Web Library Guide at Birmingham University, UK. Having developed a hypertext guide using Asymetrix Toolbook which gave guidance to users on the subjects and services available in the main library of the university, the information was repackaged for loading on to the WWW. Outlines the reasons for this move, explains the process of the transposition, and suggests future possibilities for the project
  19. Lindesay, C.: What price information? (1997) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Considers cost and value issues of information, which are increasingly becoming the concern of a wide range of professions in addition to information and records managers. Explores a variety of ways of valuing information, 2 of which are based on its availability or proximity and the effect of possessing the information. Concludes that whilst putting a price or value on information is very difficult, there must be a value to it, as the effect of not having it can readily be observed
  20. Miller, F.: Archival description (1997) 0.05
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    Abstract
    Archival records having a common creator are described collectively in finding aids known as inventories, which like archival collections themselves are arranged by file series. Collection level MARC records direct users not to individual documents, but to finding aids. Repositories may also develop other tools to describe their holdings such as automated in-house indexes, subject specific lists, and published guides. In the near future, MARC records and finding aids should be linked electronically, with both available through searchable databases on the Internet

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