Search (1401 results, page 5 of 71)

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Abstract

This article investigates classification and subject heading systems used in academic health sciences libraries and the reasons these systems were chosen. The study also ascertains the respective systems used at the general libraries at the same academic institutions, in order to find out if there is a desire for conformity. Specific attention is paid to the question whether a shared OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) may play a role in this desire. The results show that 75% of the survey participants from academic health sciences libraries use primarily the NLM (National Library of Medicine) classification system and 95% use MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). General libraries at the same institutions overwhelmingly use the systems developed by the Library of Congress. The most compelling reason for the use of NLM systems is that they are considered the most appropriate for medical collections.

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Abstract

This paper recognizes the limitations of the existing file of Library of Congress (LC) subject authority records for subject heading assignment and validation. it makes recommendations for a new file of machine readable authority records for period subdivisions and for enhancements to the existings file of subject authority records. Recommended changes would enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulations and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, the individual components of subdivided headings. The recommendations are timely in view of changes to the forms of period subdivisions that the Library of Congress is studying to facilitate the display of period subdivisions in chronological order. The availability of machine-readable authority records for most period subdivisions would enable online systems to automatically make changes to the forms of period subdivisions in bibliographic records using cross references for previously-used forms in the autority records for the new forms. The paper also discusses issues arising from an enhancement of the existing controlled system of period subdivision. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic database forms the basis of the recommendations

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Abstract

This article will look into subject indexing in Sweden today and give some ideas of the future. Our Swedish subject heading system is pre-coordinated and based on Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). We think subject access is important but it is not always easy to apply correctly and we present some ideas on how to make it easier. We will first give a summary of the creation of the Swedish subject heading system and how it works today. We will also describe a new project, the TGM project, that was completed at the end of 2007. Another work that will be described is the indexing of fiction and children's literature.

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Abstract

identifies indexing features of the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) that pose challenges to end users of MEDLINE. These problematic features include the use of Explodes, Tree structures, subheadings, Text Word versus subject heading searching, and central concept searching. As end user search software becomes more sophisticated, so much methods of instruction to orient the end user to theses systems

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Abstract

The disciplines of human-computer interaction, computer-supported collaborative work, information storage and retrieval, and artificial intelligence should complement one another in the new discipline of hypertext. This holistic view of hypertext focuses on links: links within a document (microtext), links among documents (macrotext), links among people (grouptext), and dynamic links (expertext). The principles and systems which are relevant to creating and accessing hypertext can be usefully presented under the heading of text, microtext, macrotext, grouptext and expertext. From text to expertext, people consistently use hierarchical structures, particularly hierarchical semantic nets, to organize information

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Abstract

Recounts the efforts throughout the 1980s to promote the idea of a subject heading code and revisions to LC subject haedings. Describes the current situation of stasis. The Library of Congress has announced no comprehensive plan for LC Subject Headings, and it is unclear whether the concept of standardisation will be embraced

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Abstract

Investigates the inadequacy of the 10th ed. of LCSH regarding Islamic subject headings and compares it with some of the schemes available in Arabic. Whilst LCSH is not entirely inadequate, in some subjects related to Islam there is room for improvement and expansion. The following subjects are covered in the comparison: Islam as a general heading, Quran, the Prophet Muhammad, Hadith, islamic law, prayer, and Muslim pilgrims and pilgrimages

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Abstract

Reviews the movement for change in the patterns and usage of LCSH and suggests improvements to the headings in the social sciences. Covers: confusion between disciplines and topics; confusion over the first element in a heading; insufficient number of headings; the problem of conditional subjects; controversial terminology; and insufficient See References

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Abstract

A list of authorized terms and cross references associated with genre and physical description of graphic materials. Supplies a standardized vocabulary for cataloging and retrieval (for MARC format users: field 655 for genre headings and field 755 for physical description heading). Includes terms for pictorial types (e.g., cartoons, bird's-eye-views, perspective projections, advertisements, etc.) and physical characteristics (e.g., etchings, albumen prints, lantern slides, miniatures). Includes guidelines for application, a bibliography and scope notes

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Abstract

Locating notes about MeSH subheadings can be one of the most difficult aspects of MEDLINE searching. When used with MeSH, subheadings serve to limit or define the focus of a heading. NLM indexers, staff members who enter the MeSH indexing into the database, use subheadings freely. They do follow indexing conventions and searchers need to be aware of how to obtain basic subheading information to assist in search formulation. There are a number of methods which may be used in order to view subheading use notes

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Abstract

Integration of archival materials catalogued in the USMARC AMC format into online catalogues has given a new urgency to the need for direct subject access. Offers a broad definition of the concepts to be considered under the subject access heading, including not only topical subjects but also proper names, forms of material, time periods, geographic places, occupations, and functions. It is both necessary and possible to provide more consistent subject access to archives and manuscripts than currently is being achieved. Describes current efforts that are under way in the profession to address this need

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Abstract

Over 10 years have passed since the 1985 call for a comprehensive theoretical code for LSCH, and no such code has been developed or announced. Although considerable progress has been made towards the goals of a code, i.e. making the headings and their usage more logical, more consistent, clearer and more user friendly, much still remains to be done to achieve complete subject heading standardization plus documentation of the standards

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Abstract

Besides 15 revides refereed technical contributions, the book presents 4 invited survey papers by key persons heading insitutions and projects essentially advancing the state of the art: France Cordova (NASA), James H. Billington (LoC), Raj Reddy (CMU), and Larry Smarr (NCSA, University of Illinois). The technical papers are organized in topical sections on visualization, document handling and information retrieval, network-based information and resource discovery, and design issues and prototyping

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Abstract

This paper presents an account of the development of music classifications, cataloguing codes, and subject heading lists in the United States. It also discusses pertinent activities within the Music Library Association, particularly the efforts of Eva Judd O'Meara, music librarian at Yale University from 1924 to 1952.

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Abstract

This paper presents an account of the development of music classifications, cataloguing codes, and subject heading lists in the United States. It also discusses pertinent activities within the Music Library Association, particularly the efforts of Eva Judd O'Meara, music librarian at Yale University from 1924 to 1952.

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Abstract

Describes an attempt to find generally acceptable subject headings for the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. Discusses the following 4 ethnic groups: Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders; Aboriginal people of Australia; Tasmanian Aborigines; and Torres Strait Islanders. Outlines issues for consideration when establishing a subject heading. Lists alsternative possible headings and comments on their advantages and disadvantages. Offers specific recommendations concerning the choice of subject headings

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Abstract

Describes research into unsuccessful searches of OPACs by analyzing searches and computer messages, explaining how data was collected and analysed in a study at Adelphi University in 1994. Discusses ways of bridging the gap between users' formulations of subjects and the terms used in authority files and subject heading schemes

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Abstract

Explains how the current resurgence of cooperative cataloguing initiatives require that OCLC Online Union Catalog (OLUC) search keys evolve to allow more precise searching. Describes the results achieved by searching personal and corporate authors by word and phrase to obtain guidance on deciding about heading formation and necessary references. Concludes that phrase searching needs to be brought into existence in OLUC search mechanisms as quickly as possible to speed up cataloguing, and that OCLC needs to take note of these requirements by eliminating limitations on searching