Search (194 results, page 1 of 10)

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Abstract

There are many advantages for Digital Libraries in indexing with classifications or thesauri, but some current disincentive in the lack of flexible retrieval tools that deal with compound descriptors. This paper discusses a matching function for compound descriptors, or multi-concept subject headings, that does not rely an exact matching but incorporates term expansion via thesaurus semantic relationships to produce ranked results that take account of missing and partially matching terms. The matching function is based an a measure of semantic closeness between terms, which has the potential to help with recall problems. The work reported is part of the ongoing FACET project in collaboration with the National Museum of Science and Industry and its collections database. The architecture of the prototype system and its Interface are outlined. The matching problem for compound descriptors is reviewed and the FACET implementation described. Results are discussed from scenarios using the faceted Getty Art and Architecture Thesaurus. We argue that automatic traversal of thesaurus relationships can augment the user's browsing possibilities. The techniques can be applied both to unstructured multi-concept subject headings and potentially to more syntactically structured strings. The notion of a focus term is used by the matching function to model AAT modified descriptors (noun phrases). The relevance of the approach to precoordinated indexing and matching faceted strings is discussed.

Source

Proceedings of the Second ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries : JCDL 2002 ; July 14 - 18, 2002, Portland, Oregon, USA. Ed. by Gary Marchionini

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Abstract

There are many advantages for Digital Libraries in indexing with classifications or thesauri, but some current disincentive in the lack of flexible retrieval tools that deal with compound descriptors. This demonstration of a research prototype illustrates a matching function for compound descriptors, or multi-concept subject headings, that does not rely on exact matching but incorporates term expansion via thesaurus semantic relationships to produce ranked results that take account of missing and partially matching terms. The matching function is based on a measure of semantic closeness between terms.The work is part of the EPSRC funded FACET project in collaboration with the UK National Museum of Science and Industry (NMSI) which includes the National Railway Museum. An export of NMSI's Collections Database is used as the dataset for the research. The J. Paul Getty Trust's Art and Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) is the main thesaurus in the project. The AAT is a widely used thesaurus (over 120,000 terms). Descriptors are organised in 7 facets representing separate conceptual classes of terms.The FACET application is a multi tiered architecture accessing a SQL Server database, with an OLE DB connection. The thesauri are stored as relational tables in the Server's database. However, a key component of the system is a parallel representation of the underlying semantic network as an in-memory structure of thesaurus concepts (corresponding to preferred terms). The structure models the hierarchical and associative interrelationships of thesaurus concepts via weighted poly-hierarchical links. Its primary purpose is real-time semantic expansion of query terms, achieved by a spreading activation semantic closeness algorithm. Queries with associated results are stored persistently using XML format data. A Visual Basic interface combines a thesaurus browser and an initial term search facility that takes into account equivalence relationships. Terms are dragged to a direct manipulation Query Builder which maintains the facet structure.

Source

Proceedings of the Second ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries : JCDL 2002 ; July 14 - 18, 2002, Portland, Oregon, USA. Ed. by Gary Marchionini

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Abstract

The target of Europeana is to make Europe's cultural and scientific resources accessible for all. In detail the aims are: - Providing access to Europe's cultural and scientific heritage through a cross-domain portal, - co-operating in the delivery and sustainability of the joint portal, - stimulating initiatives to bring together existing digital content, - supporting digitisation of Europe's cultural and scientific heritage.

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Abstract

Information subject gateways provide targeted discovery services for their users, giving access to Web resources selected according to quality and subject coverage criteria. Information gateways recognise that they must collaborate on a wide range of issues relating to content to ensure continued success. This report is informed by discussion of content activities at the 1999 Imesh Workshop. The author considers the implications for subject based gateways of co-operation regarding coverage policy, creation of metadata, and provision of searching and browsing across services. Other possibilities for co-operation include working more closely with information providers, and diclosure of information in joint metadata registries

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Abstract

The Europeana, the European digital library web-service, is being developed in the framework of the EU-funded network EDLnet. The demo version of this webservice was shown at an international conference at the German National Library in Frankfurt on 1 February 2008, the prototype will be launched in November 2008. In November 2007 the EDL Foundation was established to provide cross-domain multilingual access to Europe's cultural heritage. It will facilitate formal agreement across museums, archives, audio-visual archives and libraries on how to cooperate in the delivery and sustainability of a joint portal and will provide a legal framework for use by the EU for funding purposes and as a springboard for future governance. The European Commission is supporting the process towards the Europeana with a set of projects centering on The European Library. This webservice created by the European national libraries is seen as one of the major building blocks of the Europeana.

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Abstract

Purpose - To describe the process and results of the business-planning workpackage of The European Library (TEL) project, in which eight national libraries collaborated on a joint approach to access to their digital libraries. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology was in three parts: first, a literature review and the mapping of the partners' existing and planned digital products and services, then a structured interview or survey to determine the partners' business requirements from TEL, then a harmonization process, and finally the results were then combined with normal business planning elements to produce a mission and final business plan. Findings - Business planning for digital libraries has hitherto not been widely reported. The methodology proved to be an effective method of achieving mutual agreement among partners with widely different aims and characteristics. Eleven harmonized service aspirations were agreed and five categories of business aims. Research limitations/implications - Focused on the business aims of national libraries, but the methodology can be relevant to other collaborative projects. Together with the few existing other reports, this can form the basis for a new field of work. Practical implications - The work described led directly to the creation of an operational service, which will be open to all European national libraries. Originality/value - As far as is known, the first reporting of a collaborative international planning process for a digital library, and maybe the first multi-partner business plan between national libraries.

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Abstract

This column gives an overview of current trends in digital library research under the following headings: digital library architecture, systems, tools and technologies; digital content and collections; metadata; interoperability; standards; knowledge organisation systems; users and usability; legal, organisational, economic, and social issues in digital libraries.

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Abstract

This presentation attempts to fit the subject contribution mechanism used in the Program for Cooperative Cataloging's SACO Program into the context of subject gateways. The discussion points to several subject gateways and concludes that there is no similarity between the two. Subject gateways are a mechanism for facilitating searching, while the SACO Program is a cooperative venture that provides a "gateway" for the development of LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Heading list) into an international authority file for subject headings.

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Abstract

The concept for the German Digital Libraries Program is imbedded in the Information Infrastructure Program of the German Federal Government for the years 1996-2000 which has been explicated in the Program Paper entitled "Information as Raw Material for Innovation".3 The Program Paper was published 1996 by the Federal Ministry for Education, Research, and Technology. The actual grants program "Global Info" was initiated by the Information and Communication Commission of the Joint Learned Societies to further technological advancement in enabling all researchers in Germany direct access to literature, research results, and other relevant information. This Commission was founded by four of the learned societies in 1995, and it has sponsored a series of workshops to increase awareness of leading edge technology and innovations in accessing electronic information sources. Now, nine of the leading research-level learned societies -- often those with umbrella responsibilities for other learned societies in their field -- are members of the Information and Communication Commission and represent the mathematicians, physicists, computer scientists, chemists, educational researchers, sociologists, psychologists, biologists and information technologists in the German Association of Engineers. (The German professional librarian societies are not members, as such, of this Commission, but are represented through delegates from libraries in the learned societies and in the future, hopefully, also by the German Association of Documentalists or through the cooperation between the documentalist and librarian professional societies.) The Federal Ministry earmarked 60 Million German Marks for projects within the framework of the German Digital Libraries Program in two phases over the next six years. The scope for the German Digital Libraries Program was announced in a press release in April 1997,4 and the first call for preliminary projects and expressions of interest in participation ended in July 1997. The Consortium members were suggested by the Information and Communication Commission of the Learned Societies (IuK Kommission), by key scientific research funding agencies in the German government, and by the publishers themselves. The first official meeting of the participants took place on December 1, 1997, at the Deutsche Bibliothek, located in the renowned center of German book trade, Frankfurt, thus documenting the active role and participation of libraries and publishers. In contrast to the Digital Libraries Project of the National Science Foundation in the United States, the German Digital Libraries project is based on furthering cooperation with universities, scientific publishing houses (including various international publishers), book dealers, and special subject information centers, as well as academic and research libraries. The goals of the German Digital Libraries Project are to achieve: 1) efficient access to world wide information; 2) directly from the scientist's desktop; 3) while providing the organization for and stimulating fundamental structural changes in the information and communication process of the scientific community.

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Abstract

The European Commission's goal for Europeana is to make European information resources easier to use in an online environment. It will build on Europe's rich heritage, combining multicultural and multilingual environments with technological advances and new business models. The Europeana prototype is the result of a 2-year project that began in July 2007. Europeana.eu went live on 20 November 2008, launched by Viviane Reding, European Commissioner for Information Society and Media. Europeana.eu is about ideas and inspiration. It links the user to 2 million digital items: images, text, sounds and videos. Europeana is a Thematic Network funded by the European Commission under the eContentplus programme, as part of the i2010 policy. Originally known as the European digital library network - EDLnet - it is a partnership of 100 representatives of heritage and knowledge organisations and IT experts from throughout Europe. They contribute to the work packages that are solving the technical and usability issues. The project is run by a core team based in the national library of the Netherlands, the Koninklijke Bibliotheek. It builds on the project management and technical expertise developed by The European Library, which is a service of the Conference of European National Librarians. Content is added via so called aggregators, national or domain specific portals aggegrating digital content and channelling it to Europeana. Most of these portals are being developed in the framework of EU funded projects, e.g. European Film Gateway, Athena and EuropeanaLocal. Overseeing the project is the EDL Foundation, which includes key European cultural heritage associations from the four domains. The Foundation's statutes commit members to: * providing access to Europe's cultural and scientific heritage through a cross-domain portal; * co-operating in the delivery and sustainability of the joint portal; * stimulating initiatives to bring together existing digital content; * supporting digitisation of Europe's cultural and scientific heritage. Europeana.eu is a prototype. Europeana Version 1.0 is being developed and will be launched in 2010 with links to over 6 million digital objects.

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Abstract

Librarians have long sought to select, evaluate, and organize information on the Internet. Efforts began with individual librarians sharing bookmark files of favorite sites and progressed to increasingly large, collaboratively produced general and subject/discipline-specific gateway Web sites or megasites. Megasites list major resources usually in a particular subject area or discipline. Library portals that review, evaluate, and sometimes rate and rank resources grew from some of these Web sites. Both megasites and portals serve as gateways to the Internet. Many portals have developed from relatively small static files into large, dynamically generated databases providing descriptive annotations of selected resources and are increasingly overseen as global projects with formal policies and procedures. Portals now provide increasingly complex and sophisticated browse and search capabilities with a multitude of access points, often including call numbers and subject headings. These are described and compared. Future trends such as increased collaboration among portals; automated location, selection, and cataloging of resources; integration of multiple resource types; and increased access to full-content and virtual library services are also discussed.

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Abstract

The National Science Foundation's (NSF) National Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education Digital Library (NSDL) program comprises a set of projects engaged in a collective effort to build a national digital library of high quality science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) educational materials for students and teachers at all levels, in both formal and informal settings. By providing broad access to a rich, reliable, and authoritative collection of interactive learning and teaching resources and associated services in a digital environment, the NSDL will encourage and sustain continual improvements in the quality of STEM education for all students, and serve as a resource for lifelong learning. Though the program is relatively new, its vision and operational framework have been developed over a number of years through various workshops and planning meetings. The NSDL program held its first formal funding cycle during fiscal year 2000 (FY00), accepting proposals in four tracks: Core Integration System, Collections, Services, and Targeted Research. Twenty-nine awards were made across these tracks in September 2000. Brief descriptions of each FY00 project appeared in an October 2000 D-Lib Magazine article; full abstracts are available from the Awards Section at <http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/ehr/due/programs/nsdl/>. In FY01 the program received one hundred-nine proposals across its four tracks with the number of proposals in the collections, services, and targeted research tracks increasing to one hundred-one from the eighty received in FY00. In September 2001 grants were awarded to support 35 new projects: 1 project in the core integration track, 18 projects in the collections track, 13 in the services track, and 3 in targeted research. Two NSF directorates, the Directorate for Geosciences (GEO) and the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) are both providing significant co-funding on several projects, illustrating the NSDL program's facilitation of the integration of research and education, an important strategic objective of the NSF. Thus far across both fiscal years of the program fifteen projects have enjoyed this joint support. Following is a list of the FY01 awards indicating the official NSF award number (each beginning with DUE), the project title, the grantee institution, and the name of the Principal Investigator (PI). A condensed description of the project is also included. Full abstracts are available from the Awards Section at the NSDL program site at <http://www.ehr.nsf.gov/ehr/due/programs/nsdl/>. (Grants with shared titles are formal collaborations and are grouped together.) The projects are displayed by track and are listed by award number. In addition, six of these projects have explicit relevance and application to K-12 education. Six others clearly have potential for application to the K-12 arena. The NSDL program will have another funding cycle in fiscal year 2002 with the next program solicitation expected to be available in January 2002, and an anticipated deadline for proposals in mid-April 2002.

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Abstract

Die Berücksichtigung der Informationsbedarfe und Informationsgewohnheiten ihrer jeweiligen Zielgruppe ist ein wesentliches Charakteristikum desAngebots der Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken Technik und Physik: Von Ingenieuren und Physikern gestellte Anforderungen an ein Informationsangebot werden in den Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken Technik und Physik umgesetzt, um demAnspruch gerecht zu werden, einen integrierten Zugang zu fachrelevanten Informationen und Dienstleistungen zu bieten. Dabei ist nicht nur bei derAuswahl der bereitgestellten Informationsquellen, sondern insbesondere auch bei derAufbereitung (wie z.B. der sachlichen Erschließung) und Präsentation der Inhalte und Angebote der Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken auf fachspezifische Gewohnheiten und Konventionen zu achten. Kooperationen z.B. mit Fachwissenschaftlern und mit Informationslieferanten sind für die Bereitstellung eines umfassenden und qualitativ hochwertigen Angebots wesentlich.

Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 55(2004) H.2, S.81-88

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Abstract

Die Virtuelle Fachbibliothek GEO-LEO bietet Geo- und Montanwissenschaftlern eine integrierte Suche über Bibliothekskataloge, Literatur-Datenbanken und Volltextserver. Die Sondersammelgebietsbibliotheken in Freiberg und Göttingen machen damit ihre - im Auftrag der DFG erworbenen - Ressourcen für alle Wissenschaftler im deutschsprachigen Raum sichtbar und zugänglich. Viele weitere Services, wie die Publikationsplattform, erhöhen den Nutzwert für die Wissenschaftler und tragen zur Attraktivität des Portals bei. Die im Projekt erworbenen Erfahrungen und die dort entwickelte Software stehen anderen Suchportalen zur Verfügung.

Source

Bibliothek: Forschung und Praxis. 31(2007) H.3, S.293-298

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Abstract

Hintergrund und Ziele Seit Ende November 2007, zeitgleich mit dem Relaunch von Vascoda, ist das Fachportal Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde als Beta-Version online und in die Vascoda-Metasuche integriert. Im Juni 2008 wurde das erste Release des Portals, jetzt mit dem endgültigen Namen IREON (International RElations and area studies ONline), für die öffentliche Nutzung freigegeben. IREON ist ein interdisziplinär ausgerichtetes Portal, das in seiner ersten Ausbaustufe die integrierte Recherche in mehreren großen Literaturdatenbanken und Bibliothekskatalogen mit einem fachlichen Schwerpunkt im Bereich der internationalen Beziehungen und der Länderkunde (IBLK) und einem zeitlichen Fokus auf die Zeit nach 1945 ermöglicht. Themenschwerpunkte sind: Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik, Fragen der internationalen wirtschafts- und entwicklungspolitischen Zusammenarbeit, europapolitische und transatlantische Themen, regional- und länderbezogene Fragen weltweit, auswärtige Kulturpolitik sowie Klima, Umwelt und Energie. Das Portal richtet sich zunächst an Fachwissenschaftler aller Disziplinen, insbesondere der Sozial-, Wirtschafts-, Rechts- und Regionalwissenschaften. Dank der weitgehend intuitiven Nutzbarkeit aller wesentlichen Portalfunktionen soll aber auch eine breitere, an Fragen der internationalen Beziehungen und der Länderkunde interessierte Öffentlichkeit angesprochen werden, von Entscheidungsträgern in Politik, Wirtschaft und Verwaltung bis hin zu Medienvertretern.

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Abstract

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Ziele, Inhalte und Hintergründe von Europeana sowie der Deutschen Digitalen Bibliothek (DDB) und leitet daraus als zentrale Bedeutung und Herausforderung an das deutsche Bibliothekswesen das Thema Integration auf interinstitutioneller, internationaler, zeitlicher und rechtlicher Ebene ab. Insbesondere geeignete integrierende, sparten- und länderübergreifende Organisationsstrukturen, Digitalisierung, Langzeitarchivierung, eine nachhaltige Finanzierung und offene Urheberrechtsfragen werden in diesem Zusammenhang kurz dargestellt.

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Abstract

Informationssuche stellt einen wesentlichen Bestandteil wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens dar. GEO-LEO (GEO - Library Experts Online), die "Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Geowissenschaften, Bergbau, Geographie, Thematische Karten", bietet unter www.GEO-LEO.de Studierenden, Wissenschaftlern und allen Interessenten der Geo- und Montanwissenschaften die Möglichkeit, gedruckte und elektronische Fachliteratur und -information effektiv zu finden und zu verwalten. GEO-LEO ist ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt der geo- und montanwissenschaftlichen Sondersammelgebietsbibliotheken Universitätsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola" der Technischen Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (UB Freiberg) und der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (SUB Göttingen), welches von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefördert wird. In Deutschland existieren neben Sondersammelgebietsbibliotheken weitere Einrichtungen, die für die Geo- und Montanwissenschaften wichtige Informationsressourcen besitzen und anbieten. Ziel der Virtuellen Fachbibliothek ist es, diese heterogenen, verteilten fachspezifischen Informationsressourcen durch eine Metasuche gemeinsam recherchierbar zu machen. Damit sollen der Nachweis und die Nutzung digitaler und analoger Bestände - vor allem der SSG-Bibliotheken - erhöht und die Arbeitsbedingungen der Studenten und Wissenschaftler bei der Suche, Beschaffung und Verwaltung von fachrelevanten Informationen insgesamt verbessert werden. Zudem werden in GEOLEO auch die weiterführenden Informationsangebote und Dienstleistungen der beteiligten Einrichtungen gebündelt. GEO-LEO ist als eigenständiges, bilinguales Fachportal konzipiert. Darüber hinaus bildet es den geo- und montanwissenschaftlichen Baustein von "vascoda", dem interdisziplinären Internetportal für wissenschaftliche Informationen in Deutschland und das Bibliotheksmodul im Rahmen des "GIN-NET" (Geoscience Information Network) Projekts

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Abstract

Der Arbeitsbericht ist eine vorläufige Bestandsaufnahme der Informationsangebote der Virtuellen Fachbibliotheken und Informationsverbünde, die in das interdisziplinäre Wissenschaftsportal vascoda integriert werden sollen. Die strukturierte Beschreibung der heterogenen Informationsangebote, insbesondere Internetquellen, Fachdatenbanken/Bibliographien, SSG Online-Contents, OPACs, Volltextserver und Digitalisate konzentriert sich auf ausgewählte Aspekte, die eine Grundlage für weitere Arbeiten und Analysen im Projekt "Modellbildung und Heterogenitätsbehandlung" sind. Die Bestandsaufnahme liegt in der Version 2 vor. Neben der knappen Charakterisierung der Informationstypen und Fachinformationsanbieter wird vor allem der IST-Stand der strukturellen und semantischen Heterogenität der analysierten Bestände beschrieben. Zu diesem Zweck wurden die einzelnen Informationsangebote über deren Eingangswebseiten untersucht und zusätzlich bestehende Daten aus vorherigen Erhebungen einbezogen. Die Bestandsaufnahme der Informationsangebote und Kollektionen zeigt eine große Vielfalt an unterschiedlichen formalen und inhaltlichen Erschließungsformen. Die beobachtbare strukturelle und semantische Heterogenität zwischen den einzelnen Beständen hat weit reichende Folgen für die kontrollierte und begründete Integration und Modellierung der Dokumente. Der Bericht ist verfügbar unter http://www.gesis.orq/Publikationen/Berichte/IZ Arbeitsberichte/pdf/ab 37.pdf und kann über den IZ-Bestellservice als Broschüre angefordert werden.