Search (149 results, page 1 of 8)

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Abstract

Als eines der Ergebnisse der 2007 zwischen BVB und KOBV geschlossenen strategischen Allianz konnte am 12. September 2011 Mable+, eine Java-gestützte OpenSource-Software zur automatischen Daten- und Fehleranalyse von Bibliothekskatalogen, veröffentlicht werden. Basierend auf dem MAB-Datenaustauschformat ermöglicht Mable+ die formale Prüfung von Katalogdaten verbunden mit einer statistischen Auswertung über die Verteilung der Felder. Dazu benötigt es einen MAB-Abzug des Katalogs im MAB2-Bandformat mit MAB2-Zeichensatz. Dieses Datenpaket wird innerhalb weniger Minuten analysiert. Als Ergebnis erhält man einen Report mit einer allgemeinen Statistik zu den geprüften Datensätzen (Verteilung der Satztypen, Anzahl der MAB-Felder, u.a.), sowie eine Liste gefundener Fehler. Die Software wurde bereits bei der Migration der Katalogdaten aller KOBV-Bibliotheken in den B3Kat erfolgreich eingesetzt. Auf der Projekt-Webseite http://mable.kobv.de/ findet man allgemeine Informationen sowie diverse Anleitungen zur Nutzung des Programms. Die Software kann man sich unter http://mable.kobv.de/download.html herunterladen. Derzeit wird ein weiterführendes Konzept zur Nutzung und Modifizierung der Software entwickelt.

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Abstract

Google und Konsorten haben das Suchverhalten unserer Nutzer grundlegend verändert. Erwartet wird eine Suche, die einfach, unkompliziert und übersichtlich sein soll. Längst haben Bibliotheken und Anbieter von Bibliothekssystemen darauf reagiert und die Suchoberflächen entschlackt. Trotzdem sehen viele Bibliothekskataloge nach wie vor wie "Bibliothekskataloge" aus. Letztlich versuchen viele der Suchmasken immer noch die Vielfalt der erfassten Metadaten und die daraus resultierenden differenzierten Suchmöglichkeiten den Nutzern auf den ersten Blick nahe zu bringen. Das geht, was zahlreiche Studien belegen, häufig an den Bedürfnissen der Nutzer vorbei: Diese wünschen sich einen einfachen und schnellen Zugriff auf die für sie relevante Information. Bibliothekskataloge sind längst nicht mehr nur Bestandsverzeichnisse, sondern Zugangssysteme zur Vielfalt der von der Bibliothek vermittelten Informationen. Auch hier bieten Systemhäuser inzwischen Lösungen an, bei denen im Sinn einer verteilten Suche weitere Quellen mit einbezogen werden können. Im Folgenden soll der Lösungsweg vorgestellt werden, den die Bibliothek des Wissenschaftsparks Albert Einstein in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kooperativen Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV) eingeschlagen hat, um mit diesen beiden veränderten Grundvoraussetzungen für ihr Serviceangebot umzugehen. Die Bibliothek des Wissenschaftsparks Albert Einstein - eine gemeinsame Bibliothek des GeoForschungsZentrums Potsdam, der Forschungsstelle Potsdam des Alfred Wegener Instituts für Polar- und Meeresforschung (zwei Helmholtz-Zentren) und des Potsdam-Instituts für Klimafolgenforschung (ein Leibniz-Institut) - ist eine Spezialbibliothek mit dem thematischen Schwerpunkt Geowissenschaften auf dem größten Campus der außeruniversitären Forschung in Brandenburg, dem Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein auf dem Telegrafenberg in Potsdam.
Der KOBV setzt bereits seit 2005 Suchmaschinentechnologie in verschiedenen Entwicklungsprojekten erfolgreich ein. Zusammen mit der Bibliothek des Wissenschaftsparks Albert Einstein wurde nun der Prototyp einer "Bibliothekssuchmaschine" auf Basis erprobter Open-Source-Technologien aus dem Java-Umfeld (wie Tomcat, Jakarta-Commons, Log4J usw.) als web-basierte Anwendung realisiert, deren Suchmaschinenkern auf der ebenfalls als freie Open-Source Java-Variante erhältlichen Search-Engine-Library Lucene4 basiert. Die erste Version der Bibliothekssuchmaschine läuft seit Ende Oktober im Echtbetrieb. Ziel des Pilotprojektes war die Konzeptionierung, Spezifikation und Implementierung einer neuen, benutzerfreundlichen Suchoberfläche zum schnellen Auffinden fachwissenschaftlich relevanter Daten und Informationen, sowohl in bibliothekseigenen Beständen als auch in zusätzlichen Quellen. Vor dem spezifischen Hintergrund der Spezialbibliothek werden dabei nicht nur Kataloginhalte google-like findbar gemacht, sondern der Suchraum "Katalog" um weitere für die Informationsvermittlung auf dem Campus relevante und spezifische fachwissenschaftliche Inhalte als zusätzliche Suchräume erschlossen. Die neue Anwendung dient dem schnellen Ersteinstieg und leitet die Nutzer dann an die jeweiligen Quellen weiter.

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Abstract

Die 9. InetBib-Tagung im 10. Jubiläumsjahr war insgesamt eine sehr positiv gestimmte Veranstaltung. Großer Optimismus bei den Vorträgen wird zwangsläufig von ein wenig Skepsis aus dem Publikum begleitet, aber wenn in den nächsten Jahren nur ein Teil der Visionen und projektierten Dienstleistungen Wirklichkeit wird, könnten viele Bibliotheken als nutzerorientierte Innovationszentren sehr gut dastehen. Die Auswahl des Ortes für die diesjährige Tagung war gelungen. Auch wenn die Räumlichkeiten des Hörsaalgebäudes maximal mit 1970er-Jahre-Charme beeindruckten, so wurde dies vielfältig ausgeglichen durch den Charme des Organisationskomitees sowie durch den Rahmen für die Abendveranstaltung im Schlossgarten. Beate Träger (ULB Münster) verwies in ihren Eröffnungsgrußworten darauf, dass man mit einem geisteswissenschaftlichen Hintergrund zu Zeiten der ersten InetBib 1996 noch die ersten Gehversuche mit E-Mails auf dem heimischen Rechner machte, während 10 Jahre später das Leben und Arbeiten in großem Maße von den Möglichkeiten des Internets geprägt ist. Vieles scheint derzeit möglich, aber es gibt auch viele Einschränkungen durch technische und lizenzrechtliche Hürden. Aber man muss ja nicht die Hürden in den Mittelpunkt stellen, und so schloss Beate Tröger ihre Eröffnungsworte mit einem Zitat aus dem zugegebenermaßen unbescheidenen digitalen Traum von Martin Grötschel "Ich will alles und zwar sofort, jederzeit, überall und kostenlos zur Verfügung haben", um damit den Rahmen des Möglichen dieser Tagung abzustecken.

Content

Darin auch Aussagen zur Zukunft der Kataloge: "Peter Kostädt (USB Köln) beschrieb "Die Zukunft des OPAC, indem er den OPAC zumindest verbal abschaffte und seine Planungen für ein umfassendes, nutzerfreundliches (das Wort wird zu oft missbraucht, aber hier scheint es wirklich zu passen) Dienstleistungsangebot präsentierte. Konsequent soll dabei alles was stört (Barrieren, Java-Skript, Cookies, Systemanforderungen, Timeouts) über Bord geworfen werden und durch banale Dinge ersetzt werden, die Nutzerinnen und Nutzer oft einfordern, aber selten bekommen (schnelle Antwortzeiten, einfache Oberfläche, Hilfestellung bei Fehlern in der Suche, Rechtschreibkorrektur, Ranking nach auswählbaren Kriterien, Tools zur Verfeinerung der Suche, Zusatzinformationen wie Cover, Inhaltsverzeichnis, Rezensionen und schließlich Personalisierung und Alert-Dienste). Schön auch in diesem Zusammenhang die Randbemerkung zu RSS-Feeds: "Bibliothekare wissen meist nicht, was das Logo bedeutet und lassen sich dann durch die Nutzer belehren." Ziel ist also eine serviceorientierte Architektur - und wir warten gespannt auf die Umsetzung." (S.1278-1279)
sowie zur Wikipedia: ""Wikipedia als Referenzorgan" hieß der Beitrag von Jacob Voß (Wikimedia Organisation), und nach eigenen Worten hat Voß sich lange gesträubt, einen solchen Vortrag zu halten. Sehr offen wies er auf mögliche Problemfelder bei der Benutzung von Wikipedia als Referenzorgan hin. (Böse Menschen können ziemlich leicht falsche und despektierliche Dinge unterbringen, die bis zu einer nächsten Korrektur für alle so zu lesen sind). Eine andere Erkenntnis lautet: "Es gibt viele kleine Dörfer in Deutschland.", d.h., es gibt auch viele selbsternannte Experten, die die Dorfchroniken aufzeichnen - oftmals mit hohem Sachverstand und guter Recherche, oft genug aber auch mit mehr Leidenschaft als Sachkenntnis. Die Zahlen sagen, dass Wikipedia viel genutzt wird: "Wikipedia ist unter den TOP 15 der weltweiten Seitenaufrufe", "95% der Schülerinnen und Schüler nutzen Wikipedia". Man mag dies beklagen und auf (vermeintliche) Vorzüge gedruckter Expertenlexika hinweisen oder man kann ein paar hilfreiche Tipps des Vortrags zum sinnvollen Umgang mit der Wikipedia entgegen nehmen und diese Erkenntnisse streuen. Zur Überlegenheit anderer Lexika sei nur soviel gesagt: Die meisten von uns werden von dem Vergleich zwischen Wikipedia und der Encyclopedia Britannica gehört haben, der für Wikipedia gar nicht so schlecht ausfiel, u.a. deshalb, weil auch in der Encyclopedia eine Reihe von sachlichen Fehlern gefunden wurden. Beachten sollte man zudem folgende Hinweise: Einige Artikel in Wikipedia sind als exzellent bzw. lesenswert ausgezeichnet. Bei diesen Artikeln kann man von einem weitreichenden Prüfprozess ausgehen. Ferner gibt es gesichtete und geprüfte Versionen, die zumindest frei von Vandalismus und sachlichen Fehlern sind. Abgesehen von derartigen Auszeichnungen korreliert die Qualität der Artikel einer Untersuchung zufolge wohl ganz allgemein mit der Aufmerksamkeit, die einem bestimmten Thema zuteil wird und der entsprechenden Autorenzahl. Ausnahmen mögen hier allerdings die Regel bestätigen. Trotzdem kann man bei den meisten Artikeln, an denen viele Personen mitgearbeitet haben, auf eine gewisse Qualität schließen. Voß rät dazu, sich die Versionsgeschichte und Autoren von Einträgen genauer anzusehen, um daraus entsprechende Schlüsse auf die Qualität der Beiträge zu ziehen. Verwiesen sei auch auf das richtige Zitieren von Wikipedia-Artikeln."

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Abstract

Auburn University name authority control has evolved from card revision to online control management. Since fall 1984, obsolete entries in the frozen public catalog have not been revised. All efforts now concern the building of an interactive online data and authority file system. Statistical information on the number of headings changed during the NOTIS period is presented as evidence in favor of electronic management of bibliographic files. Statistics presented concerning authority entries changed manually during the AACR2/pre-NOTIS age balance the picture. The statistics support the hypothesis that performing authority work online is quicker and more efficient than the manual performance of equivalent tasks. Online subject authority is also discussed, as is Auburn's implementation of the Merged Headings Index to date.

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Abstract

Genre/Form headings are an important means by which librarians provide users with contextual or descriptive information. To facilitate the discovery of resources with important provenance characteristics, the Marion E. Wade Center added terms from a controlled vocabulary to bibliographic records representing items in the C. S. Lewis personal library collection. The selected terms focus on features that have historically been of interest to visitors. The addition of these headings in the bibliographic records allows users to use these keywords to conduct a search or narrow their results, resulting in more flexibility to locate and select the resources that best meet their needs.

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Abstract

In pt.1, argued that modern classification theory and philosophy of science can help us understand problems of searching. In pt.2, discusses the problems in a more technical sense. considers thesauri and studies of of concept formation: choice of subject headings; definitions, and associations between subject headings; and the librarian as intermediary between the users and the library's texts. Tests the hypothesis that a catalogue record can be improved by adding information which makes the record more precise. If a record clearly indicates that a book is a typical or non-typical book on a subject, no improvement is necessary. discusses how and what new information to add and psychological barriers to this

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Abstract

The main purpose of the study was to determine if the online catalog can function both as a dictionary and classified catalog without requiring additional time or intellectual effort on the part of the cataloger. A total of 1842 MARC bibliographic records listed in the 370-379 classified section of American Book Publishing Record were studied. These records displayed 2735 subject headings. Of these, 1491 (55%) had a Library of Congress classification number linked to them. An alphabetical and classified index was created using primary subjects and their related classification numbers. While such an index could be a useful browsing device if integrated into an online catalog, creating a bona fide classified catalog would require assigning classification numbers to the secondary subject headings.

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Abstract

Technology offers an unparalleled opportunity to preserve information and to provide superior means of locating it. While acknowledging the need for enhanced access to new publications, highlights the limitations of both online catalogue design and lack of data, through an illustraive case study. Emphasizes the technical and cultural importance of providing enriched access to older materials and suggests how additional subject headings and summaries could provide that access

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Abstract

Examines in detail the author cataloguing practices adopted by the Italian National Library Service, as set out in its 1995 Cataloguing Guide (Guida SBN), and discusses how far these practices accord with the standard 1979 RICA author cataloguing rules. Since the author headings prescribed by RICA include personal names, corporate names and titles, this survey looks at all such SBN catalogue entries having an access point function. Presents many examples of standard and variant forms of heading, and reviews control procedures

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Abstract

Catalogers have become interdependent in their pursuit to provide bibliographic control and access. This interdependency has brought with it the need for greater agreement in applying common cataloging policies and rules. The expanded application of AACR2 (Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules) is fostering greater uniformity in the provision of bibliographic description and access. The rules have been translated into numerous languages and used in European, Middle Eastern, and Latin American countries. Cataloging committees and individual libraries in Europe and South Africa have expressed strong interest in adopting, adapting, or aligning with AACR2. PCC (Program for Cooperative Cataloguing) is one of the most successful cooperative cataloging efforts and has a considerable international component, which encourages the use of AACR, LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), and MARC. AACR2 is successful on an international level because it is based in internationally developed standards, including ISBDs and the Paris Principles. ISBDs (International Standard Bibliographic Description) and the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records are examples of the contributions that IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions) has made to the internationalization of cataloging. IFLA sponsored the international conference that resulted in the Paris Principles as well as subsequent projects to craft international policy in relation to uniform headings for persons, corporate bodies, and titles.

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Abstract

After a long delay the final edition of RAK has been published. The old university libraries have suffered for years from using the Prussian Instructions which are obsolete and time-consuming; they have hesitated to give their old catalogues up but should do so as soon as possible. A new cataloguing policy is now needed, moving away from traditional practices that still govern even RAK towards simplified rules suitable for future developments such as use in centralised regional catalogues and in automated data processing. Simplified rules are proposed and discussed in relation to American and British minimal cataloguing, with suggestions for changes in basic terminology, general rules, main and subordinate entries, personal name and corporate body entries and subject headings

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Abstract

Catalogers have always had to balance adherence to cataloging rules and authority files with creating cataloging that is current and relevant to users. That dilemma has been complicated in new ways because of user demands in the world of Web 2.0. Standardized cataloging is crucial for communication between computer systems, but patrons now have an expectation of social interaction on the Internet, as evidenced by the popularity of folksonomy. After a description of traditional subject cataloging and folksonomy, this article discusses several institutions where subject cataloging is still used, but where patron interaction is also encouraged. User-generated tags can coexist with controlled vocabulary such as subject headings.

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Abstract

Many libraries and other cultural institutions are incorporating Web 2.0 features and enhanced metadata into their catalogs (Trant 2006). These value-added elements include those typically found in commercial and social networking sites, such as book jacket images, reviews, and usergenerated tags. One such site that libraries are exploring as a model is LibraryThing (www.librarything.com) LibraryThing is a social networking site that allows users to "catalog" their own book collections. Members can add tags and reviews to records for books, as well as engage in online discussions. In addition to its service for individuals, LibraryThing offers a feebased service to libraries, where institutions can add LibraryThing tags, recommendations, and other features to their online catalog records. This poster will present data analyzing the quality and quantity of the metadata that a large academic library would expect to gain if utilizing such a service, focusing on the overlap between titles found in the library's catalog and in LibraryThing's database, and on a comparison between the controlled subject headings in the former and the user-generated tags in the latter. During February through April 2008, a random sample of 383 titles from the University of Minnesota Libraries catalog was searched in LibraryThing. Eighty works, or 21 percent of the sample, had corresponding records available in LibraryThing. Golder and Huberman (2006) outline the advantages and disadvantages of using controlled vocabulary for subject access to information resources versus the growing trend of tags supplied by users or by content creators. Using the 80 matched records from the sample, comparisons were made between the user-supplied tags in LibraryThing (social tags) and the subject headings in the library catalog records (controlled vocabulary system). In the library records, terms from all 6XX MARC fields were used. To make a more meaningful comparison, controlled subject terms were broken down into facets according to their headings and subheadings, and each unique facet counted separately. A total of 227 subject terms were applied to the 80 catalog records, an average of 2.84 per record. In LibraryThing, 698 tags were applied to the same 80 titles, an average of 8.73 per title. The poster will further explore the relationships between the terms applied in each source, and identify where overlaps and complementary levels of access occur.

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Abstract

Reports results of an analysis of 205 randomly selected records from the OCLC OLUC, to test the assumption that online catalogues have greatly improved subject searching capabilities, over card catalogues, by making other fields in the records searchable as subject access points (SAPs). Results showed considerable overlap (duplication) among the SAPs provided by the title, subject heading and classification number fields. On average, little more than 4 unique, unduplicated access points were found per record. Where title and classification number fields do add some access points not provided by subject headings, the increase is less than many librarians might be expected. Suggests that OPACs might outperform catalogues more in precision than in recall by allowing greater discrimination in searching; terms from different fields may be combined; titles offer greater specifity; searches can be limited by date, language or other criteria

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Abstract

According to the Calhoun report, library operations that are not digital, that do not result in resources that are remotely accessible, that involve professional human judgement or expertise, or that require conceptual categorization and standardization rather than relevance ranking of keywords, do not fit into its proposed "leadership" strategy. This strategy itself, however, is based on an inappropriate business model - and a misrepresentation of that business model to begin with. The Calhoun report draws unjustified conclusions about the digital age, inflates wishful thinking, fails to make critical distinctions, and disregards (as well as mischaracterizes) an alternative "niche" strategy for research libraries, to promote scholarship (rather than increase "market position"). Its recommendations to eliminate Library of Congress Subject Headings, and to use "fast turnaround" time as the "gold standard" in cataloging, are particularly unjustified, and would have serious negative consequences for the capacity of research libraries to promote scholarly research.

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Abstract

Es gab eine Zeit vor Google, die Karteikarten, Enzyklopädien, Adress- und Telefonbücher kannte. Es gab "Menschmedien", die als Suchmaschinen betrachtet werden können, wie Diener, "Zubringerinnen" und Hausmeister, und es gab Auskunftscomptoirs und Zeitungsausschnittsdienste. Der Beitrag möchte einige dieser Einrichtungen in Erinnerung rufen.

Content

Inhalt 1. Einleitung 2. Verzeichnisse von Büchern 3. Anordnung und Erschließung des Wissens 4. Datensammlungen in staatlichem und privatem Auftrag 5. Menschliche Informationseinrichtungen 6. Institutionen der Informationsvermittlung 7. Adressbücher und Personensuche 8. Schluss

Source

Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 64(2011) H.1, S.42-69

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Content

Enthält die Beiträge: TYCKOSON, D.A.: Enhancing access to information: building catalogs for the future; TYCKOSON, D.A.: The twenty-first century limited: desinging catalogs for the next century; DWYER, J.: Bibliographic records enhancement: from the drawing board to the catalog screen; SYRACUSE, R.O. u. R.K. POYER: Enhancing access to the library's collections: a view from an academic health center library; STUDWELL, W.E.: Of eggs and baskets: getting more access out of LC Subject Headings in an online environment; STEPHENS, I.E.: Getting more out of call numbers: displaying holdings, locations and circulation status; MICCO, M.: The next generation of online public access catalogs: a new look at subject access using hypermedia; SLOAN, B.G.: Remote access: design implications for the online catalog; ENGEL, G.: User instruction for access to catalogs and database on the Internet; BARNES, S. u. J. McCUE: Linking library records to bibliographic databases: an analysis of common data elements in BIOSIS, Agricola and the OPAC; HARWOOD, R.: Adding a nonlibrary campus collection to the library database; CARTER, K., H. OLSEN u. S. AQUILA: Bulk loading of records for microform sets into the online catalogue; DYKEMAN, A. u. J. ZIMMERMAN: The Georgia Institute of Technology Electronic Library: issues to consider; MOLHOLT, P. u. K. FORSYTHE: Opening up information access through the electronic catalog

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Abstract

Libraries, private and public, offer valuable resources to library patrons. As of today, the only way to locate information archived exclusively in libraries is through their catalogs. Library patrons, however, often find it difficult to formulate a proper query, which requires using specific keywords assigned to different fields of desired library catalog records, to obtain relevant results. These improperly formulated queries often yield irrelevant results or no results at all. This negative experience in dealing with existing library systems turns library patrons away from directly querying library catalogs; instead, they rely on Web search engines to perform their searches first, and upon obtaining the initial information (e.g., titles, subject headings, or authors) on the desired library materials, they query library catalogs. This searching strategy is an evidence of failure of today's library systems. In solving this problem, we propose an enhanced library system, which allows partial, similarity matching of (a) tags defined by ordinary users at a folksonomy site that describe the content of books and (b) unrestricted keywords specified by an ordinary library patron in a query to search for relevant library catalog records. The proposed library system allows patrons posting a query Q using commonly used words and ranks the retrieved results according to their degrees of resemblance with Q while maintaining the query processing time comparable with that achieved by current library search engines.

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Abstract

Subject searching is difficult with traditional text-based online public access library catalogues (OPACs), and the next-generation discovery layers are keyword searching and result filtering tools that offer little support for subject browsing. Next-generation OPACs ignore the rich network of relations offered by controlled subject vocabulary, which can facilitate subject browsing. A new generation of OPACs could leverage existing information-organization investments and offer online searchers a novel browsing and searching environment. This is a case study of the design and development of a virtual reality subject browsing and information retrieval tool. The functional prototype shows that the Library of Congress subject headings (LCSH) can be shaped into a useful and usable tree structure serving as a visual metaphor that contains a real world collection from the domain of science and engineering. Formative tests show that users can effectively browse the LCSH tree and carve it up based on their keyword search queries. This study uses a complex information-organization structure as a defining characteristic of an OPAC that goes beyond the standard keyword search model, toward the cutting edge of online search tools.