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  • × year_i:[1990 TO 2000}
  1. Ruderman, E.: Library of Congress Classification for judaica : recent changes (1993-1994) (1994/95) 0.16 
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    Abstract
    Reports the additions and changes made to the LCC between Apr 93 and Dec 94 in the classes of major importance to Judaica libraries. Most changes have taken place in class BM (Judaism), BS (Bible), DS (History of Asia), and PJ (Oriental Language and literature)
  2. Principles underlying subject heading languages (SHLs) (1999) 0.14 
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    Abstract
    Principles of 11 subject heading languages from USA, Germany, Portugal, Iran, Canada, Norway, Spain, Poland, France, Russia
    Classification
    AN 75400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Schlagwortregeln, Schlagwortverzeichnis
    Issue
    Working Group on Principles Underlying Subject Heading Languages; approved by the Standing Committee of the IFLA Section on Classification and Indexing.
    RVK
    AN 75400 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Schlagwortregeln, Schlagwortverzeichnis
  3. Dreyfuss, R.: Library of Congress Classification for judaica : recent changes (1992-1993) (1993/94) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    Reports the additions and changes made to the LCC between Jul 92 and Mar 93 in the classes of major importance to Judaica libraries. Records the usual Cutter additioins and changes to various topics under class BM (Judaism) and its tables, BS (Bible), DS (History), PJ (Language and literature) and other classes that have had changes pertaining to Judaica during this period. Notes several Cutter additions under class DS 135 (History of Jews outside of Palestine, by region or country A-Z) that reflect the recent demise of the Soviet Union and the former republics that have become independent states
  4. Sigel, G.: Schlagwortvergabe bei Musikalien und Musiktonträgern auf der Grundlage von den RSWK-Musik, Entwurf 1991 (1995) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    In 1994 Munich public libraries introduced online cataloguing and chose to test the use of RSWK draft for music cataloguing. All parts of a subject heading chain proved to have equal weight and to be retrievable separately. Some aspects were not covered, so the draft must be discussed further
  5. Weinberg, B.H.: ¬The hidden classification in Library of Congress Subject Headings for Judaica (1993) 0.10 
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    Abstract
    The syndetic structure of subject headings lists, in particular the broader/narrower term references, constitutes a hidden classification that may be converted to an explicit tree structure. Such a structure may be used to examine the hierarchy of LC subject headings (LCSH) and to compare them with that of Library of Congress Classification (LCC). Joseph Galron's compilation, 'Library of Congress Subject Headings in Jewish Studies (1991)', was analyzed for several features relating to the hierarchy of terms, and trees tructures were built for the deepest hierarchies: Jews, Judaism, Hebrew language, and Israel. These were compared with the corresponding LC classes. A hierarchy in LCSH may have more levels than the corresponding schedule in LCC. It is concluded that the conversion of the BT / NT references of subject headings lists into tree structures is a useful tool for examining the correctness of a hierarchy. Display of subject headings in tree-structure format can assist users in grasping the hierarchy of subject headings and in navigating online catalogs
  6. Madison, O.M:A.: ¬The role of the name main-entry heading in the online environment (1992) 0.10 
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  7. Studwell, W.E.: ¬The subject heading code : do we have one? do we need one? (1990) 0.10 
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  8. Sclafani, F.: Controlled subject heading searching versus keyword searching (1999) 0.10 
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  9. Studwell, W.E.: Music libraries and a subject heading code (1992) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the need for changes in the LCSH for music and the role that music librarians can play in promoting the estabilshment of a detailed, comprehensive all purpose theoretical subject heading code similar to AACR for descriptive cataloguing
  10. Cheti, A.: ¬Il GRIS dall'elaborazione alla sperimentazione (1997) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the work of GRIS, a collaborative project of Italian academic and research libraries, to develop subject heading schemes for Italian libraries, resulting in the recent publication of the 'Guida all'indicizzazione per soggetto'
    Object
    GRIS subject heading scheme
  11. School library reference services in the 90s : where we are, where we're heading (1994) 0.09 
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  12. Ho, J.: ¬An analysis of the structure of a subject heading list (1993) 0.09 
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  13. USMARC format for authority data : including guidelines for content designation (1993) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Includes changes to all examples throughout the publication, as approved by MARBI in January 1993. Makes obsolete the second indicator position (non-filing characters) in all of the heading fields except the 130, which is uniform titles. Also new to this edition: definition of 18X heading fields for general, geographic and chronological subdivision headings, plus related 48X and 58X fields... 7XX fields for heading-linking entries... and the control field 003, named the 'control number identifier.' Also eliminates the national-level requirement codes at the field level
  14. Svenonius, E.; McGarry, D.: Objectivity in evaluating subject heading assignment (1993) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Recent papers have called attention to discrepancies in the assignment of LCSH. While philosophical arguments can be made that subject analysis, if not a logical impossibility, at least is point-of-view dependent, subject headings continue to be assigned and continue to be useful. The hypothesis advanced in the present project is that to a considerable degree there is a clear-cut right and wrong to LCSH subject heading assignment. To test the hypothesis, it was postulated that the assignment of a subject heading is correct if it is supported by textual warrant (at least 20% of the book being cataloged is on the topic) and is constructed in accordance with the LoC Subject Cataloging Manual: Subject Headings. A sample of 100 books on scientific subjects was used to test the hypothesis
  15. Chan, L.M.; Vizine-Goetz, D.: Errors and obsolete elements in assigned Library of Congress Subject Headings : implications for subject cataloging and subject authority control (1997) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    An analysis of a sample of 9.442 headings assigned by the LoC to bibliographic records disclosed 2 types of invalid headings: those that were erroneous and those that were obsolete. Each type revealed recurring patterns. Errors and obsolete elements occuring in assigned heading involve MARC coding, terminology in main headings and subdivisions, application of subdivisions, and in mechanical elements such as punctuation and capitalization. Different headings (e.g. personal name, corporate name, topical, etc.) display different patterns as well as predominance of errors and obsoleteness. Although the overall error rate is low, an awareness and understanding of patterns of errors and obsolescnce in subject heading strings should contribute to improvement in subject heading assignment and subject authority control
  16. Lu, S.-j.: ¬A study on Chinese subject headings (1997) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Discusses the theory and practice of subject headings, the principle and application of subject heading lists in various countries, and the present situation of the Chinese subject heading list in Taiwan. Suggests improvements to the chinese Subject Headings as follows: to increase the number of subject headings; to control the vocabulary to be used; to use fixed fields of Chinese MARC, performing the partial function of subdivision in the chinese Subject Headings; to announce the addition, correction and deletion of subject headings regularly and to compile a users' manual; to establish a national subject heading authority file in the MARC format; and to use the Chinese Subject Headings to organize Internet resources
  17. Drabenstott, K.M.: Facilitating geographic subdivision assignment in subject headings (1992) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Recognises the limitations of the existing files of Library of Congress name and subject authority records for indirect geographic subdivision. Makes recommendations for enhancements to existing authority records, which would enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulation and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, whether geographic subdivision is authorized for use with a particular main heading and whether the correct form of indirect geographic subdivision is authorized for use with a particular main heading and whether the correct form of indirect geographic subdivision is given. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic data base forms the basis of the recommendations
  18. Studwell, W.E.: Two lessons of history : how the development of the descriptive cataloging code and the recent cultural trend towards 'least effort' affect the formulation of a subject heading code (1992) 0.07 
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  19. Badalamenti, G.: ¬L'¬introduzione del GRIS in un sistema multibiblioteche : realta e problemi aperti (1997) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    The GRIS subject heading scheme is the outcome of a collaborative project of Italian research and academic libraries. Describes the efforts to introduce the scheme to a number of libraries in the Siena Library Service in Italy in the last 3 years. Notes the phases of this project, pricipally a series of trainign seminars and a year of experimentation, before agreement by most of the libraries to implement the scheme. Describes the main features of the electronic subject heading files as they now exist, as they cope with pre existing schemes and the new scheme. Provides statistical sata on these files and outlines the problems which remain to be solved in thre implementation of the scheme
    Footnote
    Übers. des Titels: The introduction of the GRIS subject heading scheme in a multi library system: reality and continuing problems
    Object
    GRIS subject heading scheme
  20. Drabenstott, K.M.: ¬The need for machine-readable authority records for topical subdivisions (1992) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    This paper recognizes the limitations of the existing file of Library of Congress authority records for subject heading assignment and validation. It makes recommendations for a new machine-readable file of authority records for topical subdivisions and for enhancements to the existing subject authority file. The recommended changes qould enable online systems to assist in subject heading formulation and verify, with limited assistance by human intermediaries, the individual components of subdivided headings. A study of subdivided subject headings in a large bibliographic database forms the basis of the recommendations

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