Search (4832 results, page 2 of 242)

0.053961232 = product of:
  0.21584493 = sum of:
    0.21584493 = weight(_text_:heading in 4957) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.21584493 = score(doc=4957,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5670917 = fieldWeight in 4957, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4957)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This paper explains how MACS meets the challenge of multilingualism created by the new network environment. Based an the equality of languages and making use of work already carried out by the partners, the MACS project sets up equivalences between subject heading languages. It enables in this way, with a monolingual subject search, to retrieve all the pertinent documents held in catalogues in different languages. This process is very different from traditional translation; it frees the search language from the language of the catalogue and creates a multilingual dictionary of subject heading languages that has a promising future for various applications. The federative approach of networked cooperation has enabled the MACS team to set up a flexible and pragmatic solution to the problem of multilingual searching. The service aims to be fully operational in 2002, and may currently be tested an the Web.

0.053961232 = product of:
  0.21584493 = sum of:
    0.21584493 = weight(_text_:heading in 667) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.21584493 = score(doc=667,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5670917 = fieldWeight in 667, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=667)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Forty years ago the ICCP in Paris laid the foundations of international co-operation in descriptive cataloging without explicitly speaking of authority control. Some of the factors in the evolution of authority control are the development of catalogs (from card catalog to local automation, to today's OPAC on the Web) and services provided by libraries (from individual service to local users to system networks, to the World Wide Web), as well as international agreements on cataloging (from Paris Principles to the UBC programme, to the report on Mandatory data elements for internationally shared resource authority records). This evolution progressed from the principle of uniform heading to the definition of authority entries and records, and from the responsibility of national bibliographic agencies for the form of the names of their own authors to be shared internationally to the concept of authorized equivalent heading. Some issues of the present state are the persisting differences among national rules and the aim of respecting both local culture and language and international readability.

0.053961232 = product of:
  0.21584493 = sum of:
    0.21584493 = weight(_text_:heading in 682) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.21584493 = score(doc=682,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5670917 = fieldWeight in 682, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=682)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

The Library of Congress Subject Headings schema (LCSH) is the most commonly used and widely accepted subject vocabulary for general application. It is the de facto universal controlled vocabulary and has been a model for developing subject heading systems by many countries. However, LCSH's complex syntax and rules for constructing headings restrict its application by requiring highly skilled personnel and limit the effectiveness of automated authority control. Recent trends, driven to a large extent by the rapid growth of the Web, are forcing changes in bibliographic control systems to make them easier to use, understand, and apply, and subject headings are no exception. The purpose of adapting the LCSH with a simplified syntax to create FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) headings is to retain the very rich vocabulary of LCSH while making the schema easier to understand, control, apply, and use. The schema maintains compatibility with LCSH--any valid Library of Congress subject heading can be converted to FAST headings.

0.053961232 = product of:
  0.21584493 = sum of:
    0.21584493 = weight(_text_:heading in 768) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.21584493 = score(doc=768,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5670917 = fieldWeight in 768, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=768)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This article investigates classification and subject heading systems used in academic health sciences libraries and the reasons these systems were chosen. The study also ascertains the respective systems used at the general libraries at the same academic institutions, in order to find out if there is a desire for conformity. Specific attention is paid to the question whether a shared OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) may play a role in this desire. The results show that 75% of the survey participants from academic health sciences libraries use primarily the NLM (National Library of Medicine) classification system and 95% use MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). General libraries at the same institutions overwhelmingly use the systems developed by the Library of Congress. The most compelling reason for the use of NLM systems is that they are considered the most appropriate for medical collections.

0.053961232 = product of:
  0.21584493 = sum of:
    0.21584493 = weight(_text_:heading in 3182) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.21584493 = score(doc=3182,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5670917 = fieldWeight in 3182, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3182)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This article will look into subject indexing in Sweden today and give some ideas of the future. Our Swedish subject heading system is pre-coordinated and based on Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). We think subject access is important but it is not always easy to apply correctly and we present some ideas on how to make it easier. We will first give a summary of the creation of the Swedish subject heading system and how it works today. We will also describe a new project, the TGM project, that was completed at the end of 2007. Another work that will be described is the indexing of fiction and children's literature.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 5583) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=5583,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 5583, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5583)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This paper presents an account of the development of music classifications, cataloguing codes, and subject heading lists in the United States. It also discusses pertinent activities within the Music Library Association, particularly the efforts of Eva Judd O'Meara, music librarian at Yale University from 1924 to 1952.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 5593) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=5593,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 5593, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5593)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This paper presents an account of the development of music classifications, cataloguing codes, and subject heading lists in the United States. It also discusses pertinent activities within the Music Library Association, particularly the efforts of Eva Judd O'Meara, music librarian at Yale University from 1924 to 1952.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 168) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=168,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 168, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=168)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

A survey of 261 libraries was undertaken to determine the level of use of and duties performed by student assistants in monographic cataloging operations. Ninety-five of 142 responding libraries (64.1 percent) indicate that they use student assistants for some type of monographic cataloging tasks. These tasks are downloading of bibliographic and authority records, monographic cataloging, classification, subject heading authority control, holdings, database maintenance, and editing of 246 or 505 MARC tags. Some respondents expressed reluctance to use student assistants for higher-level cataloging tasks.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 870) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=870,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 870, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=870)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

The article discusses the construction of a controlled vocabulary for the indexing of petroleum and gas related articles in indigenous periodicals and newspapers in the library system of the Nigerian National Corporation (NNPC). The major problems encountered in the design of the subject heading list are highlighted and solutions offered. Attention is also drawn to neologisms as they apply to the controlled vocabulary under consideration.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 3164) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=3164,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 3164, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3164)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

The paper discusses practical methods of apply DDC to digital library services arising from recent technical developments. These include the use of DDC summaries to create hierarchical browsing and tag cloud interfaces, the utility of DDC as a switching language between different subject heading and classification schemes, and the development of terminology servers for interoperability with digital libraries. The focus is on services based in Europe.

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 3787) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=3787,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 3787, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3787)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

0.05087514 = product of:
  0.20350055 = sum of:
    0.20350055 = weight(_text_:heading in 560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.20350055 = score(doc=560,freq=8.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.5346592 = fieldWeight in 560, product of:
          2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
            8.0 = termFreq=8.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=560)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Subject access to information has been the predominant approach of users to satisfy their information needs. Research demonstrates that the integration of controlled vocabulary information with an information retrieval system helps users perform more effective subject searches. This integration becomes possible when subject authority data (information about subjects from authority files) are linked to bibliographic files and are made available to users. The purpose of authority control is to ensure consistency in representing a value-a name of a person, a place name, or a subject term-in the elements used as access points in information retrieval. For example, "World War, 1939-1945" has been established as an authorized subject heading in the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). When using LCSH, in cataloging or indexing, all publications about World War II are assigned the established heading regardless of whether a publication refers to the war as the "European War, 1939-1945", "Second World War", "World War 2", "World War II", "WWII", "World War Two", or "2nd World War." The synonymous expressions are referred to by the authorized heading. This ensures that all publications about World War II can be retrieved by and displayed under the same subject heading, either in an individual institution's own catalog or database or in a union catalog that contains bibliographic records from a number of individual libraries or databases. In almost all large bibliographic databases, authority control is achieved manually or semi-automatically by means of an authority file. The file contains records of headings or access points - names, titles, or subjects - that have been authorized for use in bibliographic records. In addition to ensuring consistency in subject representation, a subject authority record also records and maintains semantic relationships among subject terms and/or their labels. Records in a subject authority file are connected through semantic relationships, which may be expressed statically in subject authority records or generated dynamically according to the specific needs (e.g., presenting the broader and narrower terms) of printed or online display of thesauri, subject headings lists, classification schemes, and other knowledge organization systems.

0.049770117 = product of:
  0.19908047 = sum of:
    0.19908047 = weight(_text_:heading in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.19908047 = score(doc=1097,freq=10.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.52304626 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
          3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
            10.0 = termFreq=10.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.02734375 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Organizing and providing access to the resources an the Internet has been a problem area in spite of the availability of sophisticated search engines and other Software tools. There have been several attempts to organize the resources an the World Wide Web. Some of them have tried to use traditional library classification schemes such as the Library of Congress Classification, the Dewey Decimal Classification and others. However there is a need to assign proper subject headings to them and present them in a logical or hierarchical sequence to cater to the need for browsing. This paper attempts to describe an experimental system designed to organize and provide access to web documents using a faceted pre-coordinate indexing system based an the Deep Structure Indexing System (DSIS) derived from POPSI (Postulate based Permuted Subject Indexing) of Bhattacharyya, and the facet analysis and chain indexing system of Ranganathan. A prototype Software System has been designed to create a database of records specifying Web documents according to the Dublin Core and to input a faceted subject heading according to DSIS. Synonymous terms are added to the Standard terms in the heading using appropriate symbols. Once the data are entered along with a description and the URL of the web document, the record is stored in the System. More than one faceted subject heading can be assigned to a record depending an the content of the original document. The System stores the Surrogates and keeps the faceted subject headings separately after establishing a link. The search is carried out an index entries derived from the faceted subject heading using the chain indexing technique. If a single term is Input, the System searches for its presence in the faceted subject headings and displays the subject headings in a sorted sequence reflecting an organizing sequence. If the number of retrieved Keadings is too large (running into more than a page) the user has the option of entering another search term to be searched in combination. The System searches subject headings already retrieved and looks for those containing the second term. The retrieved faceted subject headings can be displayed and browsed. When the relevant subject heading is selected the system displays the records with their URLs. Using the URL, the original document an the web can be accessed. The prototype system developed in a Windows NT environment using ASP and a web server is under rigorous testing. The database and Index management routines need further development.

0.044967696 = product of:
  0.17987078 = sum of:
    0.17987078 = weight(_text_:heading in 1395) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17987078 = score(doc=1395,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.47257644 = fieldWeight in 1395, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1395)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

LCSH are increasingly seen as 'the' English language controlled vocabulary, despite their lack of a theoretical foundation, and their evident US bias. In mapping exercises between national subject heading lists, and in exercises in digital resource organization and management, LCSH are often chosen because of the lack of any other widely accepted English language standard for subject cataloguing. It is therefore important that the basic nature of LCSH, their advantages, and their limitations, are well understood both by LIS practitioners and those in the wider information community. Information professionals who attended library school before 1995 - and many more recent library school graduates - are unlikely to have had a formal introduction to LCSH. Paraprofessionals who undertake cataloguing are similarly unlikely to have enjoyed an induction to the broad principles of LCSH. There is currently no compact guide to LCSH written from a UK viewpoint, and this eminently practical text fills that gap. It features topics including: background and history of LCSH; subject heading lists; structure and display in LCSH; form of entry; application of LCSH; document analysis; main headings; topical, geographical and free-floating sub-divisions; building compound headings; name headings; headings for literature, art, music, history and law; and, LCSH in the online environment. There is a strong emphasis throughout on worked examples and practical exercises in the application of the scheme, and a full glossary of terms is supplied. No prior knowledge or experience of subject cataloguing is assumed. This is an indispensable guide to LCSH for practitioners and students alike from a well-known and popular author.

0.044967696 = product of:
  0.17987078 = sum of:
    0.17987078 = weight(_text_:heading in 598) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17987078 = score(doc=598,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.47257644 = fieldWeight in 598, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=598)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Purpose - This paper aims to discuss some long-standing issues of the development of a subject heading language as pre- or postcoordinated. Design/methodology/approach - In a review of literature on pre- and postcoordination and user behaviour, 20 criteria originally discussed by Svenonius are considered. Findings - The advantages and disadvantages of pre- and postcoordinated systems are on a very similar level. Most subject heading languages developed recently are precoordinated. They all require investments in highly skilled intellectual work, and are therefore expensive and difficult to maintain. Postcoordinated systems seem to have more advantages for information providers, but less for users. However, most of these disadvantages could be overcome by known information retrieval models and techniques. Research limitations/implications - The criteria originally discussed by Svenonius are difficult to evaluate in an exact manner. Some of them are also irrelevant because of changes in information retrieval systems. Practical implications - It was found that the decision on whether to use a pre- or postcoordinated system cannot be taken independent of consideration of the subject authority file and the functions of an information retrieval system, which should support users on one hand and information providers and indexers on the other. Originality/value - This literature review brings together some findings that have not been considered together previously.

0.044967696 = product of:
  0.17987078 = sum of:
    0.17987078 = weight(_text_:heading in 588) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17987078 = score(doc=588,freq=4.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.47257644 = fieldWeight in 588, product of:
          2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
            4.0 = termFreq=4.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=588)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

To organize information, librarians create structures. These structures grow from a logic that goes back at least as far as Aristotle. It is the basis of classification as we practice it, and thesauri and subject headings have developed from it. Feminist critiques of logic suggest that logic is gendered in nature. This article will explore how these critiques play out in contemporary standards for the organization of information. Our widely used classification schemes embody principles such as hierarchical force that conform to traditional/Aristotelian logic. Our subject heading strings follow a linear path of subdivision. Our thesauri break down subjects into discrete concepts. In thesauri and subject heading lists we privilege hierarchical relationships, reflected in the syndetic structure of broader and narrower terms, over all other relationships. Are our classificatory and syndetic structures gendered? Are there other options? Carol Gilligan's In a Different Voice (1982), Women's Ways of Knowing (Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, & Tarule, 1986), and more recent related research suggest a different type of structure for women's knowledge grounded in "connected knowing." This article explores current and potential elements of connected knowing in subject access with a focus on the relationships, both paradigmatic and syntagmatic, between concepts.

0.044515748 = product of:
  0.17806299 = sum of:
    0.17806299 = weight(_text_:heading in 6607) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17806299 = score(doc=6607,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.4678268 = fieldWeight in 6607, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=6607)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Many kinds of structure can be discerned in the headings and rules governing the Library of Congress Subject Headings. By addressing these structures at different levels, librarians can develop different approaches to the machine-assisted validation of subject headings, from the checking of individual words to the validation of complex forms of heading/subdivision compatibility. Using computer programs to assist with maintenance of subject headings is becoming increasingly necessary as technical services librarians strive to create consistent and useful patterns of subject collocation in library catalogs

0.044515748 = product of:
  0.17806299 = sum of:
    0.17806299 = weight(_text_:heading in 2151) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17806299 = score(doc=2151,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.4678268 = fieldWeight in 2151, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2151)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

This chapter describes the expression of relationships in a traditional library subject heading system, Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). Following an introductory section an the history and scope of LCSH, information is presented an its reference structure, documentation, and notation. The development and current use of references to express equivalence, hierarchical, and associative relationships are discussed. Other relational devices, such as scope notes and Library of Congress Classification numbers, are also covered. Changes to improve the reference structure of LCSH and facilitate its use in online catalogs are reviewed.

0.044515748 = product of:
  0.17806299 = sum of:
    0.17806299 = weight(_text_:heading in 5825) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17806299 = score(doc=5825,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.4678268 = fieldWeight in 5825, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5825)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

In line with the international flavour of the book, Patrice Landry looks at the multilingual problem. This chapter is mainly concerned with a review of MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects); a project with the strategy of developing a Web-based link and search interface through which equivalents between three Subject Heading Languages can be created and maintained, and by which users can access online databases in the language of their choice. The three systems in the project are German, French and English language. With the dramatic spread of use of the Web, particularly in the Far East, such projects are going to be increasingly valuable and important.

0.044515748 = product of:
  0.17806299 = sum of:
    0.17806299 = weight(_text_:heading in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      0.17806299 = score(doc=470,freq=2.0), product of:
        0.38061732 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.06292258 = queryNorm
        0.4678268 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
          1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
            2.0 = termFreq=2.0
          6.0489783 = idf(docFreq=284, maxDocs=44421)
          0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
  0.25 = coord(1/4)

Abstract

Cataloging works whose authorship is unclear or whose authenticity is in question is a long-standing issue that presents a unique challenge to the cataloger. AACR2R provides detailed guidance for determining the main entry heading, and the Subject Cataloging Manual includes instructions for the use of subdivisions; however, they are of limited assistance when dealing with ambiguous works. This article looks at some recent works that have generated controversy in their respective disciplines, and discusses the ideological and ethical implications of cataloging decisions made for them. Suggestions for cataloging these uncommon but vexing works include using notes that reflect the principles stated in the "Library Bill of Rights," and rethinking our use of reference sources.