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  • × year_i:[2000 TO 2010}
  1. Spero, S.: LCSH is to thesaurus as doorbell is to mammal : visualizing structural problems in the Library of Congress Subject Headings (2008) 0.17 
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    Abstract
    The Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) has been developed over the course of more than a century, predating the semantic web by some time. Until the 1986, the only concept-toconcept relationship available was an undifferentiated "See Also" reference, which was used for both associative (RT) and hierarchical (BT/NT) connections. In that year, in preparation for the first release of the headings in machine readable MARC Authorities form, an attempt was made to automatically convert these "See Also" links into the standardized thesaural relations. Unfortunately, the rule used to determine the type of reference to generate relied on the presence of symmetric links to detect associatively related terms; "See Also" references that were only present in one of the related terms were assumed to be hierarchical. This left the process vulnerable to inconsistent use of references in the pre-conversion data, with a marked bias towards promoting relationships to hierarchical status. The Library of Congress was aware that the results of the conversion contained many inconsistencies, and intended to validate and correct the results over the course of time. Unfortunately, twenty years later, less than 40% of the converted records have been evaluated. The converted records, being the earliest encountered during the Library's cataloging activities, represent the most basic concepts within LCSH; errors in the syndetic structure for these records affect far more subordinate concepts than those nearer the periphery. Worse, a policy of patterning new headings after pre-existing ones leads to structural errors arising from the conversion process being replicated in these newer headings, perpetuating and exacerbating the errors. As the LCSH prepares for its second great conversion, from MARC to SKOS, it is critical to address these structural problems. As part of the work on converting the headings into SKOS, I have experimented with different visualizations of the tangled web of broader terms embedded in LCSH. This poster illustrates several of these renderings, shows how they can help users to judge which relationships might not be correct, and shows just exactly how Doorbells and Mammals are related.
  2. Stone, A.T.: ¬The LCSH century : a brief history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and introduction to the centennial essays (2000) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    The history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings is traced, from its beginnings with the implementation of a dictionary catalog at the Library of Congress in 1898 to the present day. The author describes the most significant changes which have occurred in LCSH policies and practices during the 100-year period. Events noted near the end of the century indicate an increased willingness on the part of' the Library of Congress to involve the larger library community in the creation or revision of subject headings and other decision-making regarding the LCSH system. Finally, the author provides a summary of the other contributions to this collection of essays, a collection which celebrates the "centennial" of the world's most popular library subject heading language
    Content
    Mit einer Publikationsgeschichte der LCSH (vgl. Tabellen) und dazu gehörenden Publikationen
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  3. Heiner-Freiling, M.: Survey on subject heading languages used in national libraries and bibliographies (2000) 0.11 
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    Abstract
    Surveys conducted during the last four years under the auspices of the International Federation of Library Associations and Organizations (IFLA) reveal that the Library of Congress Subject Headings is heavily used in national libraries outside of the United States, particularly in English-speaking countries. Many other countries report using a translation or adaptation of LCSH as their principal subject heading language. Magda Heiner-Freiling presents an analysis of the IFLA data, which also includes information on the classification schemes used by the libraries and whether or not the libraries have produced a manual on the creation and application of subject headings. The paper concludes with an Appendix showing the complete data from the 88 national libraries that respond to the surveys
    Content
    Mit einer tabellarischen Übersicht der eingesetzten Systeme und Regeln
    Object
    Sears List of Subject Headings
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  4. Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.; Bawden, D.: Thesaurus construction and use : a practical manual (2000) 0.11 
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    LCSH
    Subject headings / Terminology
    Subject
    Subject headings / Terminology
    Theme
    Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
  5. Aikawa, H. (Bearb.): Guidelines on subject access to individual works of fiction, drama, etc. (2000) 0.10 
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    LCSH
    Form headings
    Subject headings / Literary form
    Subject headings / Literature
    Subject headings / Motion pictures
    Subject headings / Television programs
    Subject
    Form headings
    Subject headings / Literary form
    Subject headings / Literature
    Subject headings / Motion pictures
    Subject headings / Television programs
  6. Wiesenmüller, H.: LCSH goes RSWK? : Überlegungen zur Diskussion um die "Library of Congress subject headings" (2009) 0.09 
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    Abstract
    Im Jahr 1898 begann die Library of Congress mit der Arbeit an einem Schlagwortkatalog - die Geburtsstunde der 'Library of Congress subject headings' (LCSH). Heute stellen die LCSH das zentrale Werkzeug zur verbalen inhaltlichen Erschließung in der gesamten angloamerikanischen Welt dar. Auch die Kritik an diesem Erschließungssystem hat eine lange Geschichte: Sie lässt sich bis in die Mitte des vergangenen Jahrhunderts zurückverfolgen und betraf im Lauf der Zeit recht unterschiedliche Aspekte. Neu an der Debatte der letzten Jahre ist, dass die Struktur der LCSH ganz grundsätzlich in Frage gestellt wird. Eine Projektgruppe der Bibliothek der University of California etwa urteilte 2005: "LCSH's complex syntax and rules for constructing headings restrict its application by requiring highly skilled personnel and limit the effectiveness of automated authority control." In einer für die Library of Congress erstellten Expertise mit dem Titel 'On the record' von 2008 heißt es: "LCSH suffers (...) from a structure that is cumbersome from both administrative and automation points of view". Es wird empfohlen, die LCSH in ein flexibleres Werkzeug zu verwandeln: "Transform LCSH into a tool that provides a more flexible means to create and modify subject authority data." Dies beinhaltet zum einen ein "de-coupling of subject strings", also eine 'Entkoppelung' der fest zusammengefügten (präkombinierten) Eintragungen, und zum anderen die Möglichkeit, das LCSH-Vokabular für "faceted browsing and discovery" nutzbar zu machen . Besonders drastische Worte wurden 2006 im sogenannten 'Calhoun Report' gefunden - einem Papier, das mit seinen radikalen Thesen in der amerikanischen Bibliothekswelt viel Aufsehen erregte: Man müsse die Library of Congress dazu bringen, die LCSH zu 'zerschlagen' ("urge LC to dismantle LCSH") - ja, sie gar zu 'eliminieren' ("eliminate LCSH").
  7. Kreyche, M.: Subject headings for the 21st century : the lcsh-es.org bilingual database (2008) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and a review of the lists of subject headings in this language reveals numerous efforts over a period of time, usually involving some form of collaboration, but largely isolated from each other. Technological developments suggest that a greater degree of cooperation is now possible and would be beneficial to the international library community if other barriers can be surmounted. The lcsh-es.org project demonstrates this concept in a practical way and suggest a new model for international cooperation in authority control. The site may be accessed at http://lcsh-es.org.
    Content
    Beitrag während: World library and information congress: 74th IFLA general conference and council, 10-14 August 2008, Québec, Canada. Vgl. auch: http://www.ibiblio.org/fred2.0/wordpress/?p=20 (mit Grafik der Beziehung zwischen 'mammal' und 'doorbell')
  8. Berg-Schorn, E.: MeSH 2006: Deutsche Version lieferbar (2006) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Beim DIMDI erhalten Sie ab sofort die aktuelle deutsche Übersetzung des Thesaurus Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) 2006 der National Library of Medicine (NLM). Auf Anfrage liefern wir die neue Version 11.0 (Stand 2006) als kostenpflichtige XML-Datei auf CD-ROM. Gegenüber 2005 enthält derThesaurus 933 neue Deskriptoren. Andere wurden nach der aktuellen Terminologie umbenannt, obsolete Benennungen entfielen ganz. Da jede Deskriptorklasse in Konzepte und Unterkonzepte mit zugehörigen Begriffen unterteilt ist, beträgt die tatsächliche Zahl neuer Bezeichnungen etwa das Fünffache. Der laufend weiterentwickelte Thesaurus umfasst jetzt 23.880 Hauptschlagwörter (Main Headings). Zum Vergleich: vor zehn Jahren gab die NLM erst 18.436 Deskriptoren an. Zuwachs verzeichnet vor allem die Kategorie Chemische Substanzen, Drogen und Arzneimittel mit 684 neuen Schlagwörtern. Zahlreiche neue Begriffe enthalten auch die Kategorien Organismen, Krankheiten, Biowissenschaften, Anatomie sowie Analytische, diagnostische und therapeutische Verfahren und Geräte. Neue Deskriptoren sind beispielsweise Kalziumaktivierte Kaliumkanäle mit großer Leitfähigkeit, Tritonia-Meeresschnecke, Mesangiumzellen oder Bariatrische Chirurgie. Das DIMDI übersetzt den MeSH in enger Anlehnung an die amerikanische Vorlage und ist offizieller Herausgeber der deutschen Version (inkl. Urheberrechte). Der Thesaurus ist Bestandteil des UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) der NLM. Übersetzungen liegen auch in Finnisch, Französisch, Italienisch, Portugiesisch, Russisch und Spanisch vor.
  9. Gödert, W.: Multilingualität und Lokalisierung zur Wissenserkundung : oder vom Nutzen semantischer Netze für das Information Retrieval (2007) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Das CrissCross-Projekt verfolgt die Zielsetzung, ein erweitertes multilinguales und thesaurusbasiertes Registervokabular zur Dewey-Dezimalklassifikation (DDC Deutsch) zu erstellen, das als Recherchevokabulars zu heterogen erschlossenen Dokumenten verwendet werden kann und soll damit die Ausgangsbedingungen für die Gestaltung von OPAC-Retrievalumgebungen verbessern helfen. Im einzelnen soll jedes Sachschlagwort der Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) eine DDC-Notation erhalten und es sollen die im Projekt MACS begonnen Arbeiten fortgesetzt werden, Links zwischen den Schlagwörtern der SWD, den Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) und dem Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifé (Rameau) herzustellen. In diesem Beitrag wird der Vorschlag gemacht, die Zielsetzung des Projektes darin zu sehen, eine Kern-Ontologie mit universalen Relationen als Klassifikation zu benutzen und die beteiligten Normdateien als zugeordnete semantische Netze zu entwickeln, indem nicht-generische Relationen die Aufgabe der durch die Lokalisierung gestellten Anforderungen übernehmen. Generische Relationen im bekannten Thesaurussinn sind für derartige semantische Netze nicht mehr erforderlich, da sie sich aus den generischen Beziehungen der Kern-Ontologie vererben.
    Series
    Schriften der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare (VÖB); Bd. 2
  10. Gaus, W.; Leiner, F.: Dokumentations- und Ordnungslehre : Theorie und Praxis des Information Retrieval (2003) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    Diese Einführung in die Grundlagen der Dokumentation und des Information Retrieval, d.h. des Wiederauffindens von Information zu thematisch-inhaltlichen Fragen, entstand auf der Basis langjähriger Lehrerfahrung. Die sowohl theoretisch fundierte als auch praxisorientierte Darstellung der Daten-, Literatur- und Faktendokumentation enthält neben zahlreichen Übungen einen Beispiel-Thesaurus, die Besprechung realer Ordnungs- und Retrievalsysteme sowie ca. 200 Prüfungsfragen mit Antworten. Das Buch ist von zentraler Bedeutung für die Ausbildung von Dokumentaren, Bibliothekaren und Archivaren. Das Thema gewinnt aber auch an Bedeutung für Wissenschaftler aller Fachrichtungen. Das Buch ist in seiner systematischen Darstellung und didaktischen Aufbereitung einzigartig. Durch sein ausführliches Sachwortregister eignet es sich auch als Nachschlagewerk. In der vorliegenden vierten Auflage werden insbesondere Entwicklungen im Bereich des Internets und der Informationssysteme berücksichtigt.
    Content
    Zweck und Grundzüge der Dokumentation.- Begriff und Wesen der Information.- Dateien und Informationsspeicher.Referate.- Ordnungsprinzip Klassifikation.- Hierarchische Begriffsstrukturen.- Alphabetisches Sortieren und systematisches Anordnen.- Die Klassfikationen ICD-10 und ICPM.- Ordnungsprinzip Register.- Beispiel einer Dokumentation mit Registern.- Ordnungsprinzip Fassettenklassifikation.- Ordnungsprinzip Begriffskombination.- Struktur eines Ordnungssystems.Beispielthesaurus Gebäude.- Ordnungssystem Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).- Verbindungs-, Funktions-, Zeit- und Sprachdeskriptoren.- Dokumenten-Deskriptoren-Matrix.Relevanz- und Vollzähligkeitsrate.- Recherchieren und Suchstrategien.- Dokumentations- und Retrievalsysteme.Aktive Informationsdienste.- Revision eines Ordnungssystems.
  11. Jungk, S.: ¬Die Erschließung der Belletristik und Kinder- und Jugendliteratur im Sachkatalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Leipzig (2008) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    In its overall function as the archive of all German-language publications, the German National Library also collects and catalogues German-language literary works. Belles-lettres as well as children's and youth literature form a considerable part of the library's collection. From 1913 until 1990, the titles were assigned subject headings, were filed in the library's card subject catalogue according to genres and languages and (within these categories) were further divided into formal aspects, themes and motifs. The subject indexing of belles-lettres and children's and youth literature is unique in its scope and depth.
  12. Chen, K.-H.: Evaluating Chinese text retrieval with multilingual queries (2002) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    This paper reports the design of a Chinese test collection with multilingual queries and the application of this test collection to evaluate information retrieval Systems. The effective indexing units, IR models, translation techniques, and query expansion for Chinese text retrieval are identified. The collaboration of East Asian countries for construction of test collections for cross-language multilingual text retrieval is also discussed in this paper. As well, a tool is designed to help assessors judge relevante and gather the events of relevante judgment. The log file created by this tool will be used to analyze the behaviors of assessors in the future.
  13. Seadle, M.: Project ethnography : an anthropological approach to assessing digital library services (2000) 0.08 
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    Abstract
    OFTEN LIBRARIES TRY TO ASSESS DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICE for their user populations in comprehensive terms that judge its overall success or failure. This article's key assumption is that the people involved must be understood before services can be assessed, especially if evaluators and developers intend to improve a digital library product. Its argument is simply that anthropology can provide the initial understanding, the intellectual basis, on which informed choices about sample population, survey design, or focus group selection can reasonably be made. As an example, this article analyzes the National Gallery of the Spoken Word (NGSW). It includes brief descriptions of nine NGSW micro-cultures and three pairs of dichotomies within these micro-cultures.
  14. Hearn, S.: Machine-assisted validation of LC Subject Headings : implications for authority file structure (2000) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Many kinds of structure can be discerned in the headings and rules governing the Library of Congress Subject Headings. By addressing these structures at different levels, librarians can develop different approaches to the machine-assisted validation of subject headings, from the checking of individual words to the validation of complex forms of heading/subdivision compatibility. Using computer programs to assist with maintenance of subject headings is becoming increasingly necessary as technical services librarians strive to create consistent and useful patterns of subject collocation in library catalogs
    Source
    The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone
  15. Koh, G.S.L.: Transferring intended messages of subject headings exemplified in the list of Korean subject headings (2006) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    This paper focuses on meaning as the core concern and challenge of interoperability in a multilingual context. Korean subject headings, presently translated from English, crystallize issues attached to the semantics of translation in at least two languages (Korean, with written Chinese, and English). Presenting a model microcosm, which explains grammatical and semantic characteristics, and allows a search for equivalence of headings that have the closest approximation of semantic ranges, the study concludes the necessary conditions for linking multilingual subject headings and suggests an interoperable model for the transfer of meaning of headings across languages and cultures.
  16. Mitchell, V.; Hsieh-Yee, I.: Converting Ulrich's subject headings(TM) to FAST headings : a feasibility study (2007) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    This paper presents a study that assessed the feasibility of applying the approach of the Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST), an initiative of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC), to records in the Ulrich's Periodicals Directory.? The goal is to determine whether a simplified application of Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), as illustrated by FAST, would benefit the Ulrich's system. This feasibility study found that although a few problems were encountered in the process, overall the FAST database was useful for converting Ulrich's subject headings into FAST headings.
    Object
    Ulrich's subject headings
  17. Wilk, D.; Rotenberg, S.; Schackam, S.; Hoffman, G.; Liebman, S.: Problems in the use of the Library of Congress Subject Headings as the basis for Hebrew Subject Headings in the Bar-Ilan University Library (2001) 0.07 
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  18. ASIS&T Thesaurus of Information Science, Technology and Librarianship (2005) 0.07 
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    BK
    06.00 / Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
    Classification
    06.00 / Information und Dokumentation: Allgemeines
    Footnote
    Weitere Rez. in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 58(2007) H.1, S.59-60 (J. Fassbender) mit Berücksichtigung der Software Thesaurus Master.
    LCSH
    Subject headings / Information science
    Subject headings / Information technology
    Subject headings / Library science
    Subject
    Subject headings / Information science
    Subject headings / Information technology
    Subject headings / Library science
  19. Gaus, W.: Dokumentations- und Ordnungslehre : Theorie und Praxis des Information Retrieval (2005) 0.07 
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    Abstract
    Dokumentation und Information Retrieval, also das gezielte Wiederauffinden von Informationen zu thematisch-inhaltlichen Fragestellungen sind wichtiger als je zuvor. Die hier vorliegende theoretisch fundierte und praxisorientierte Darstellung der Literatur-, Daten- und Faktendokumentation enthält viele instruktive Beispiele und praktische Übungen sowie einen umfassenden Beispielthesaurus und behandelt ausführlich Ordnungs- und Retrievalsysteme. Jedes Thema wird mit zahlreichen Prüfungsfragen abgeschlossen. Die detaillierten Antworten zu den insgesamt 195 Fragen umfassen alleine etwa 60 Seiten, Dieses Lehrbuch ist in seiner systematischen Darstellung und didaktischen Aufbereitung einzigartig. Durch sein ausführliches Sachwortregister eignet es sich auch als Nachschlagewerk. Die fünfte Auflage ist aktualisiert und erweitert worden.
    Classification
    AN 93200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Ordnungslehre, Systematik
    AN 95000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Bibliographische Erfassung, Suchpraxis
    Content
    Aus dem Inhalt: - Zweck und Grundzüge der Dokumentation - Begriff und Wesen der Information - Dateien und Informationsspeicher - Referate - Ordnungsprinzip Klassifikation - Hierarchische Begriffsstrukturen - Alphabetisches Sortieren und systematisches Anordnen - Die Klassifikationen ICD-10 und ICPM - Ordnungsprinzip Register - Beispiel einer Dokumentation mit Registern - Ordnungsprinzip Fassettenklassifikation - Ordnungsprinzip Begriffskombination - Struktur eines Ordnungssystems - Beispielthesaurus Gebäude - Ordnungssystem Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) - Verbindungs-, Funktions-, Zeit- und Sprachdeskriptoren - Dokumenten-Deskriptoren-Matrix - Relevanz- und Vollzähligkeitsrate - Recherchieren und Suchstrategien - Dokumentations- und Retrievalsysteme - Aktive Informationsdienste - Revision eines Ordnungssystems.
    RVK
    AN 93200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Ordnungslehre, Systematik
    AN 95000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Informationspraxis / Bibliographische Erfassung, Suchpraxis
  20. Nauri, M.; Svanberg, M.: Svenska ämnesord : en introduktion (2004) 0.07 
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    Footnote
    Übers. d. Titels: Swedish subject headings

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  • a 3729
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