Search (14023 results, page 2 of 702)

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Classification

AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines

RVK

AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines

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Abstract

The Jack Brause Library at New York University (NYU) is a special library supporting the curriculum of NYU's Real Estate Institute. The Jack Brause Library (JBL) Real estate Periodical Index was established in 1990 and draws on the library's collection of over 140 real estate periodicals. Describes the conversion of the JBL Index from a 3x5 card index to an online resource. The database was originally created using Rbase for DOS but this quickly became obsolete and in 1993 was replaced with InMagic. In 1997 the JBL Index was made available on NYU's telnet catalogue, BobCat, and the Internet database catalogue, BobCatPlus. The transition of InMagic data to USMARC formatted records involved a 3-step process: data normalization; adding value; and data recording. The Index has been operational through telnet since May 1997 and installing it onto the Web became functional in Oct 1997

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Abstract

Compares language-related subject headings used in 'Sears list of subject headings' and 'Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)'. Comments on the inconsistent application of subdivisions for the Spanish and French laguages and literature. Describes the results of a survey of student knowledge of subject headings

Object

Sears List of Subject Headings

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Abstract

Within the multilingual framework of the CrissCross project, MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) has continued its work. MACS has developed a prototype of mappings between three vocabularies: the LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), RAMEAU (Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié) and the SWD (Schlagwortnormdatei). A database with a Link Management System (LMI), which allows for an easy linking between English, French and German subject headings, was created. The database started working with headings from the disciplines sports and theatre, but by now headings from all other fields of knowledge have been included as well. In 2008-2010, equivalencies between English and French headings which had been produced by the Bibliothèque nationale de France have been completed with the most important German SWD topical terms. Thus, more than 50.000 trilingual links are now available and can be used in different retrieval scenarios. It is planned to use them in The European Library (TEL) in order to support multilingual searches over all European National Library collections. The article informs about the project workflow, methodology of mapping and future applications of MACS links.

Series

Bibliotheca Academica - Reihe Informations- und Bibliothekswissenschaften; Bd. 1

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Footnote

Bezugnahme auf: 'Subject cataloging manual: subject headings. 4th ed. Washington 1991' und Vorläufer

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Abstract

Eine Einführung in der Probleme der Formal- und Inhaltserschließung

Content

Revised to take account of the 1988 revision of AACR2, the publication of new ISBD texts, the changed format of LC subject headings and progress in computer applications

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Abstract

Are we at a turning point in digital information? The expansion of the internet was unprecedented; search engines dealt with it in the only way possible - scan as much as they could and throw it all into an inverted index. But now search engines are beginning to experiment with deep web searching and attention to taxonomies, and the semantic web is demonstrating how much more can be done with a computer if you give it knowledge. What does this mean for the skills and focus of the information science (or sciences) community? Should information designers and information managers work more closely to create computer based information systems for more effective retrieval? Will information science become part of computer science and does the rise of the term informatics demonstrate the convergence of information science and information technology - a convergence that must surely develop in the years to come? Issues and questions such as these are reflected in this monograph, a collection of essays written by some of the most pre-eminent contributors to the discipline. These peer reviewed perspectives capture insights into advances in, and facets of, information science, a profession in transition. With an introduction from Jack Meadows the key papers are: Meeting the challenge, by Brian Vickery; The developing foundations of information science, by David Bawden; The last 50 years of knowledge organization, by Stella G Dextre Clarke; On the history of evaluation in IR, by Stephen Robertson; The information user, by Tom Wilson A; The sociological turn in information science, by Blaise Cronin; From chemical documentation to chemoinformatics, by Peter Willett; Health informatics, by Peter A Bath; Social informatics and sociotechnical research, by Elisabeth Davenport; The evolution of visual information retrieval, by Peter Enser; Information policies, by Elizabeth Orna; Disparity in professional qualifications and progress in information handling, by Barry Mahon; Electronic scholarly publishing and open access, by Charles Oppenheim; Social software: fun and games, or business tools? by Wendy A Warr; and, Bibliometrics to webometrics, by Mike Thelwall. This monograph previously appeared as a special issue of the "Journal of Information Science", published by Sage. Reproduced here as a monograph, this important collection of perspectives on a skill set in transition from a prestigious line-up of authors will now be available to information studies students worldwide and to all those working in the information science field.

Content

Inhalt: Fifty years of UK research in information science - Jack Meadows / Smoother pebbles and the shoulders of giants: the developing foundations of information science - David Bawden / The last 50 years of knowledge organization: a journey through my personal archives - Stella G. Dextre Clarke / On the history of evaluation in IR - Stephen Robertson / The information user: past, present and future - Tom Wilson / The sociological turn in information science - Blaise Cronin / From chemical documentation to chemoinformatics: 50 years of chemical information science - Peter Willett / Health informatics: current issues and challenges - Peter A. Bath / Social informatics and sociotechnical research - a view from the UK - Elisabeth Davenport / The evolution of visual information retrieval - Peter Enser / Information policies: yesterday, today, tomorrow - Elizabeth Orna / The disparity in professional qualifications and progress in information handling: a European perspective - Barry Mahon / Electronic scholarly publishing and Open Access - Charles Oppenheim / Social software: fun and games, or business tools ? - Wendy A. Warr / Bibliometrics to webometrics - Mike Thelwall / How I learned to love the Brits - Eugene Garfield

Footnote

Rez. in: Mitt VÖB 62(2009) H.3, S.95-99 (O. Oberhauser): "Dieser ansehnliche Band versammelt 16 Beiträge und zwei Editorials, die bereits 2008 als Sonderheft des Journal of Information Science erschienen sind - damals aus Anlass des 50. Jahrestages der Gründung des seit 2002 nicht mehr selbständig existierenden Institute of Information Scientists (IIS). Allgemein gesprochen, reflektieren die Aufsätze den Stand der Informationswissenschaft (IW) damals, heute und im Verlauf dieser 50 Jahre, mit Schwerpunkt auf den Entwicklungen im Vereinigten Königreich. Bei den Autoren der Beiträge handelt es sich um etablierte und namhafte Vertreter der britischen Informationswissenschaft und -praxis - die einzige Ausnahme ist Eugene Garfield (USA), der den Band mit persönlichen Reminiszenzen beschließt. Mit der nunmehrigen Neuauflage dieser Kollektion als Hardcover-Publikation wollten Herausgeber und Verlag vor allem einen weiteren Leserkreis erreichen, aber auch den Bibliotheken, die die erwähnte Zeitschrift im Bestand haben, die Möglichkeit geben, das Werk zusätzlich als Monographie zur Aufstellung zu bringen. . . . Bleibt die Frage, ob eine neuerliche Publikation als Buch gerechtfertigt ist. Inhaltlich besticht der Band ohne jeden Zweifel. Jeder, der sich für Informationswissenschaft interessiert, wird von den hier vorzufindenden Texten profitieren. Und: Natürlich ist es praktisch, eine gediegene Buchpublikation in Händen zu halten, die in vielen Bibliotheken - im Gegensatz zum Zeitschriftenband - auch ausgeliehen werden kann. Alles andere ist eigentlich nur eine Frage des Budgets." Weitere Rez. in IWP 61(2010) H.2, S.148 (L. Weisel); JASIST 61(2010) no.7, S.1505 (M. Buckland); KO 38(2011) no.2, S.171-173 (P. Matthews): "Armed then with tools and techniques often applied to the structural analysis of other scientific fields, this volume frequently sees researchers turning this lens on themselves and ranges in tone from the playfully reflexive to the (parentally?) overprotective. What is in fact revealed is a rather disparate collection of research areas, all making a valuable contribution to our understanding of the nature of information. As is perhaps the tendency with overzealous lumpers (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumpers_and_splitters), some attempts to bring these areas together seem a little forced. The splitters help draw attention to quite distinct specialisms, IS's debts to other fields, and the ambition of some emerging subfields to take up intellectual mantles established elsewhere. In the end, the multidisciplinary nature of information science shines through. With regard to future directions, the subsumption of IS into computer science is regarded as in many ways inevitable, although there is consensus that the distinct infocentric philosophy and outlook which has evolved within IS is something to be retained." Weitere Rez. in: KO 39(2012) no.6, S.463-465 (P. Matthews)

RSWK

Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Aufsatzsammlung

Subject

Informations- und Dokumentationswissenschaft / Aufsatzsammlung

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Abstract

XML Topic Maps (XTM) represent a powerful new tool for transforming the Web from a vast, chaotic sea of data into a highly usable information resource. XML Topic Maps is the first comprehensive, authoritative guide to this new technology. Edited by Jack Park, a leader of the XTM community, with contributions from leading members of the community, it covers every aspect of XML Topic Map creation and usage. Drawing on the XTM 1.0 standard, a complete XML grammar for interchanging Web-based Topic Maps, this book shows how XML Topic Maps can be utilized as an enabling technology for the new "Semantic Web," in which information is given well-defined meaning, making it possible for computers and people to cooperate more effectively than ever before. Coverage includes: creating, using, and extending XML Topic Maps; ontological engineering; and the use of XML Topic Maps to create next-generation knowledge representation systems and search tools. Park shows how to use Topic Maps to visualize data; how Topic Maps relate to RDF and semantic networks; and finally, how Topic Maps presage a profound paradigm shift in the way information is represented, shared, and learned on the Internet -- and everywhere else. For every Web designer, developer, and content specialist concerned with delivering and sharing information in more useful and meaningful forms.

Content

Inhalt: Let There Be Light / Jack Park - Introduction to the Topic Maps Paradigm / Michel Biezunski - A Perspective on the Quest for Global Knowledge Interchange / Steven R. Newcomb - The Rise and Rise of Topic Maps / Sam Hunting - Topic Maps from Representation to Identity: Conversation, Names, and Published Subject Indicators / Bernard Vatant - How to Start Topic Mapping Right Away with the XTM Specification / Sam Hunting - Knowledge Representation, Ontological Engineering, and Topic Maps / Leo Obrst and Howard Liu - Topic Maps in the Life Sciences / John Park arid Nefer Park - Creating and Maintaining Enterprise Web Sites with Topic Maps and XSLT / Nikita Ogievetsky - SemanText / Eric Freese - XTM Programming with TM4J / Kal Ahmed - Nexist Topic MapTestbed / Jack Park - GooseWorks Toolkit / Sam Hunting - Topic Map Visualization / Benedicte Le Grand - Topic Maps and RDF / Eric Freese - Topic Maps and Semantic Networks / Eric Freese - Topic Map Fundamentals for Knowledge Representation / H. Holger Rath - Topic Maps in Knowledge Organization / Alexander Sigel - Prediction: A Profound Paradigm Shift / Kathleen M. Fisher - Topic Maps, the Semantic Web, and Education / Jack Park

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Abstract

Der Beitrag zeichnet ein aktuelles Bild der inhaltlichen Erschließung im Österreichischen Verbundkatalog, insbesondere in quantitativer Hinsicht. Um den Entwicklungsverlauf zu illustrieren, werden dazu Daten von 2005 bis 2013 präsentiert. Im Detail geht es um die verbale Sacherschließung durch RSWKbasierte Schlagwortfolgen und englischsprachige Subject Headings, sowie die klassifikatorische Erschließung mittels Basisklassifikation, Dewey Dezimalklassifikation und Regensburger Verbundklassifikation. Im Zusammenhang mit der Basisklassifikation wird auch von Anreicherungsprojekten mittels Konkordanzen und Datenübernahmen berichtet. Ausserdem werden Neuerungen bei der Suche und Anzeige klassifikatorischer Sacherschließungselemente in den Rechercheinstrumenten des Verbundes dargestellt.

Source

Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 66(2013) H.2, S.231-249

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Abstract

The biomedical book collection in the Genetech Library and Information Services was first inventoried and cataloged in 1983 when it totaled about 2000 titles. Cataloging records were retrieved from the OCLC system and used as a basis for cataloging. A year of cataloging produced a list of 1900 subject terms. More than one term describing the same concept often appears on the list, and no hierarchical structure related the terms to one another. As the collection grew, the subject catalog became increasingly inconsistent. To bring consistency to subject cataloging, a thesaurus of biomedical terms was constructed using the list of subject headings as a basis. This thesaurus follows the broad categories of the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings and, with some exceptions, the Guidelines for the Establishment and Development of Monolingual Thesauri. It has enabled the cataloger in providing greater in-depth subject analysis of materials added to the collection and in consistently assigning subject headings to cataloging record.

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Content

"Was ist Twitter? - Twitter ist ein sogenannter Mikroblogging-Dienst. Bloggen bedeutet, im Internet selbst geschriebene Texte zu veröffentlichen. Beim Mikroblogging sind diese Texte sehr kurz - bei Twitter maximal 140 Zeichen. Ein solcher Eintrag heißt "Tweet", wer den Dienst nutzt, der "twittert" - er zwitschert. Twitter wurde 2006 von dem Software-Entwickler Jack Dorsey gegründet und hat seinen Sitz in San Francisco. Heute gilt twitter.com als eine der 50 populärsten Internetseiten weltweit und hat nach eigenen Angaben etwa 24 Millionen Nutzer. Wie funktioniert Twitter? - Jeder Nutzer richtet sich ein Profil ein und schreibt darin seine 140-Zeilen lange Texte. Zentrales Prinzip von Twitter: Jeder kann die Texte anderer Nutzer abonnieren, die er gleich nach Veröffentlichung in seinem Twitter-Postfach findet. So kann man sich über eine bestimmte Person ständig auf dem Laufenden halten. In der Twitter-Sprache ist man dann ein "Follower" - man folgt einem anderen Nutzer, man beobachtet seine Meldungen. Weil sich die Nutzer kreuz und quer verfolgen und es viele Follower-Ketten gibt, ist Twitter ein riesiges Netzwerk, über das sich Informationen blitzschnell verbreiten. Was ist die Idee dahinter? - Der Twitter-Gründer Dorsey wollte einfach immer wissen, was seine Freunde gerade so machen. Mit Twitter schuf er die Möglichkeit dazu und gab ihr einen technischen Rahmen. Jetzt können sich alle, die das möchten, gegenseitig auf dem Laufenden halten. Das produziert natürlich auch viele Null-Informationen ("Ich koche gerade Kaffee"), oft aber auch ernsthafte Diskussionen. Wer interessanten Menschen folgt, kann wertvolle Anregungen bekommen. Wer twittert? - Interessanterweise sind die meisten Twitterer keine Jugendlichen. Einer Umfrage unter deutschen Twitter-Nutzern zufolge ist der typische Zwitscherer 32 Jahre alt, männlich, hat Abitur und arbeitet in der Medien- oder Marketingbranche. Nach einer nicht repräsentativen Studie des Jugendreiseveranstalters RUF kennen 90 Prozent aller 11- bis 21-Jährigen in Deutschland Twitter überhaupt nicht.
Twitter im Wandel - Anfangs war Twitter noch etwas für Internet-Junkies. Seit aber Barack Obama den Dienst im US-Präsidentschaftswahlkampf 2008 intensiv nutze, ist Twitter auch einer breiteren Öffentlichkeit bekannt. Heute twittern sogar deutsche Politiker, Hubertus Heil (SPD) und Volker Beck (Grüne). Sie hoffen, damit vor allem junge Wähler für die Politik zu interessieren. Firmen nutzen Twitter zunehmend, um über Produkte zu informieren und sich mit Kunden auszutauschen. Die australischen Behörden versendeten Twitter-Warnungen über die Buschbrände in diesem Februar. Und während der Unruhen im Iran bekam Twitter eine wichtige politische Bedeutung als ungefilterter Nachrichtenkanal. Wer profitiert von Twitter? - Die Firma selbst bislang nicht - jedenfalls nicht finanziell. Twitter ist nach wie vor ein gewaltiges Zuschuss-Geschäft, in das risikifreudige US-Investoren ihr Geld stecken. Die Firma selbst zeigt eher wenig Interesse am Geldverdienen. Auf der Twitter-Internetseite heißt es: "Wir haben viele interessante Möglichkeiten, Geld einzunehmen. Aber wir wollen uns nicht von wichtigeren Arbeiten ablenken lassen." Und weiter: "Wir geben mehr Geld aus, als wir verdienen. Durch die Koopereation mit Google und Microsoft könnte sich das ändern: Die beiden IT-Riesen zahlen für den Deal. Twitter hat auch schon öfter angekündigt, Werbung auf seinen Seiten zu schalten. Wie steht es um den Datenschutz? - Im Gegensatz zu Konkurrenten wie StudiVZ ist Twitter bislang nicht durch einen Datenskandal aufgefallen. Allerdings sammelt die Firma Namen und E-Mail-Adressen ihrer Nutzer und behält sich das Recht vor, diese Daten zu vermarkten. Twitter-Anwender könnten also einmal viel Werbung in ihrem E-Mail-Postfach finden. Sollte Twitter aufgekauft werden, gehören auch die Nutzer-Daten zur Verkaufsmasse. Twitter in kritischer Diskussion - Wie fast jede neue Technik steht auch Twitter immer wieder in der Kritik. Nach einer Studie der englischen Psychologin Tracy Alloway macht zu viel Twittern dumm: Die kurzen 140-Zeichen-Meldungen unterforderten das Gedächtnis. Andere Forscher sehen einen positiven Effekt, da das ständige Schreiben und Kommunizieren die Kreativität fördere."

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Abstract

This paper discusses goals, methods and benefits of the conceptual mapping approach developed by the CrissCross project, in the framework of which the topical headings of the German subject headings authority file Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) have been mapped to notations of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Projectspecific retrieval concepts for improving thematic access in heterogeneous information spaces are outlined and explained on the basis of significant examples.

Series

Bibliotheca Academica - Reihe Informations- und Bibliothekswissenschaften; Bd. 1

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Object

Sears List of Subject Headings

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Sears List of Subject Headings

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Content

16 Beiträge zu: (*) Machine validation of subdivided headings, especially headings with free-floating subdivisions; (*) order and display of subdivides headings; (*) simplification of rules for assigning subdivisions; (*) creation of a national subject authority file

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LCSH

Form headings
Subject headings / Literary form
Subject headings / Literature
Subject headings / Motion pictures
Subject headings / Television programs

Subject

Form headings
Subject headings / Literary form
Subject headings / Literature
Subject headings / Motion pictures
Subject headings / Television programs

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Abstract

This article pertains to two further general classifications, which, in contrast to the reigning classifications just mentioned, incorporate in a thoroughgoing manner a modem view of the world. One of these was announced in 1910, to a chorus of disapproval, saw the light of day as a completed scheme in 1935, fell into suspended animation after the death of its author in the 1950s, and was revived, drastically revised and expanded in England by Jack Mills in 1967. A large part of the expanded scheme has appeared in the form of separately published fascicles; the remainder mostly in the areas of science and technology are in an advanced state of preparation. I refer of course to the Bliss Bibliographic Classification. I use the expression "of course" with some slight hesitation having once met a North American library school academic who thought that Henry Evelyn Bliss was an Englishman who lived in the London inner suburb of Islington. This was an unconscious tribute to Jack Mills, though perhaps unfair to Bliss himself, not to mention America, whose son he was.

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Abstract

For practical purposes this 'Guide' replaces the British Standards Institution's BS 1000C: 1963. Guide to the UDC, by Jack Mills. This earlier guide was important as an aid to users of UDC world-wide and was important for its clear discussion of the underlying principles of classification in general as well as its helpful guidance in the practical application of UDC

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