Search (14015 results, page 2 of 701)

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Abstract

Surveys conducted during the last four years under the auspices of the International Federation of Library Associations and Organizations (IFLA) reveal that the Library of Congress Subject Headings is heavily used in national libraries outside of the United States, particularly in English-speaking countries. Many other countries report using a translation or adaptation of LCSH as their principal subject heading language. Magda Heiner-Freiling presents an analysis of the IFLA data, which also includes information on the classification schemes used by the libraries and whether or not the libraries have produced a manual on the creation and application of subject headings. The paper concludes with an Appendix showing the complete data from the 88 national libraries that respond to the surveys

Content

Mit einer tabellarischen Übersicht der eingesetzten Systeme und Regeln

Object

Sears List of Subject Headings

Source

The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone

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LCSH

Subject headings / Terminology

Subject

Subject headings / Terminology

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Abstract

Lecture given at the AIBM conference, Karlsruhe, Sep 95. The thesaurus appeared 1st in 1982, produced according to DIN standard 1463. This standard is largely adhered to, with 2 deviations: the controlled vocabulary is rather universal, covering more than 1 musical field, and descriptors are used as systematic collection points, with non-decriptors as subordinate headings. The 1994 edition has widened its contents range. There are still problems with ambiguity of headings and titles

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Content

Enthält in einem Appendix A: 'Guidelines on subject access to individual works of fiction, drama, etc.' des American Library Association Subject Analysis Committee; und in einem Appendix B die Verfahrensweise der Library of Congress bei der Zuteilung von Library of Congress Subject Headings zur Schönen Literatur

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LCSH

Subject headings / Terminology

Subject

Subject headings / Terminology

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Classification

AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines

RVK

AN 75000 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Bibliothekswesen / Sacherschließung in Bibliotheken / Allgemeines

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Abstract

Compares language-related subject headings used in 'Sears list of subject headings' and 'Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH)'. Comments on the inconsistent application of subdivisions for the Spanish and French laguages and literature. Describes the results of a survey of student knowledge of subject headings

Object

Sears List of Subject Headings

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Abstract

Within the multilingual framework of the CrissCross project, MACS (Multilingual Access to Subjects) has continued its work. MACS has developed a prototype of mappings between three vocabularies: the LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings), RAMEAU (Répertoire d'autorité-matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié) and the SWD (Schlagwortnormdatei). A database with a Link Management System (LMI), which allows for an easy linking between English, French and German subject headings, was created. The database started working with headings from the disciplines sports and theatre, but by now headings from all other fields of knowledge have been included as well. In 2008-2010, equivalencies between English and French headings which had been produced by the Bibliothèque nationale de France have been completed with the most important German SWD topical terms. Thus, more than 50.000 trilingual links are now available and can be used in different retrieval scenarios. It is planned to use them in The European Library (TEL) in order to support multilingual searches over all European National Library collections. The article informs about the project workflow, methodology of mapping and future applications of MACS links.

Series

Bibliotheca Academica - Reihe Informations- und Bibliothekswissenschaften; Bd. 1

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Footnote

Bezugnahme auf: 'Subject cataloging manual: subject headings. 4th ed. Washington 1991' und Vorläufer

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Abstract

Eine Einführung in der Probleme der Formal- und Inhaltserschließung

Content

Revised to take account of the 1988 revision of AACR2, the publication of new ISBD texts, the changed format of LC subject headings and progress in computer applications

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Abstract

Reports on the International conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR, which was held in Toronto, Canada, in 1997. The conference was desiged by the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR (JSC) to assist the committee in determining whether, in view of the present and future trends in information resources and information management, fundamental rule revision is appropriate and, if so, what the nature and direction of those revisions should be. Outlines some of the issues raised in each conference paper and summarizes the discussions that led to the items on JSC's immediate action list

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Abstract

RDA was created in response to complaints about the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, especially the call for a more international, principle-based content standard that takes the perspective of the conceptual models of FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) and FRAD (Functional Requirements for Authority Data). The past and ongoing process for continuous improvement to RDA is through the Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (known as the JSC, but recently renamed the RDA Steering Committee - RSC) to make RDA even more international and principle-based.

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Content

The 2014 RDA Print Revision contains: - A full accumulation of RDA-the revision contains a full set of all current RDA instructions. It replaces the previous version of RDA Print rather than being an update packet to that version. Numerous changes to the text of RDA have been made since the publication of the 2013 Revision. Cataloging practice described by RDA has not altered dramatically due to these changes, but over 70 percent of the pages in RDA Print were affected by the changes, making an RDA Print update packet impracticable. - The most current RDA-the revision contains all changes to RDA up to and including the 2014 RDA Update approved by the JSC. There are two types of changes to RDA that routinely take place-"Fast Track" changes and RDA Updates. The JSC periodically issues Fast Track changes to RDA to fix errors and to clarify meaning. These changes do not typically change cataloging practice as described by RDA. An RDA Update is issued annually. In an Update process the JSC considers proposals to enhance and improve RDA as a cataloging standard. An Update can and often does change the cataloging process described in RDA. The 2014 Revision includes all Fast Track changes and RDA Updates since the 2013 publication of RDA and through August 2014. Vgl. auch: http://www.rda-jsc.org.

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Content

"Nach Augsburg, Bielefeld und Leipzig hat der Standardisierungsausschuss beim 94. Deutschen Bibliothekartag in Düsseldorf zum vierten Mal in Folge eine Veranstaltung zum Themenfeld Standardisierung durchgeführt, die vom Vorsitzenden, Berndt Dugall, moderiert wurde. Auch in diesem Jahr konnten dafür wieder zwei Referenten aus dem Ausland gewonnen werden, die einen Einblick in internationale Aktivitäten gewährten. Den Auftakt bildete Jeffrey Garrett von der Northwestern University Library in Evanston, Illinois mit seinem Vortrag »Entscheidend auch hier der Einstieg - Wandel und Kontinuität im Ethos des Katalogisierens in den USA«. Zunächst erläuterte der Referent die Losung aus dem Titel, die aus dem Werk »Bücherlabyrinthe: Suchen und Finden im alexandrinischen Zeitalter« von Nikolaus Wegmann stammt. Dieses Buch erinnere daran, dass der Katalog in der Nachfolge von Schrettinger und Dewey den Einstieg des Benutzers in die ansonsten gewaltige Unordnung der Bibliothek ermögliche, und dadurch die »Sichtbarkeit« der modernen Forschungsbibliothek erst her- bzw. sicherstellt. Garrett stellte die Frage nach dem Sinn von Katalogen im elektronischen Zeitalter, einer Zeit, in der bibliografische Angaben beziehungsweise Schlagworte durch Volltextrecherchen, die sich gleichzeitig auf mehrere tausend Publikationen erstrecken können, umgangen werden können, und in welcher der Inhalt eines Textes in ständigem Wandel begriffen ist. In seinem Vortrag hat der Referent einige Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet des Katalogisierens in den USA teils theoretisch, teils konkret nachgezeichnet, in der Absicht, sowohl den Wandel als auch die Kontinuität im Bereich der Erschließung aufzuzeigen. Die bisweilen geäußerte Feststellung, dass Kataloge auf den Müllhaufen der Geschichte gehörten, bezeichnete Garrett als maßlos übertrieben und nur angesichts des »Google-Schocks« in den USA zu erklären. Der Katalog diene nach wie vor als Beschreibung des Volltexts. Der Moderator kommentierte dazu, dass der Gedanke des »Vanishing catalogue« vergleichbar sei mit dem Traum vom papierlosen Büro. Patrick Le Boeuf, der Vorsitzende der IFLA FRBR Review Group, referierte in seinem Vortrag »Zwischen Traum und Wirklichkeit« über die Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR). Anhand von leicht verständlichen Beispielen erläuterte er, was die FRBR mit den vier Entitäten der Gruppe 1: Werk (work), Fassung (expression), Erscheinungsform (manifestation) und Exemplar (item) sind. Ausführlich ging er auch darauf ein, was die FRBR nicht sind und was sie nicht leisten können. Es handelt sich dabei weder um eine Norm, noch um ein Datenmodell oder gar ein Format. Dennoch haben die FRBR Einfluss auf die Standardisierungsaktivitäten auf internationaler wie nationaler Ebene. In einigen Systemen, Prototypen und Projekten lässt sich das Potenzial des FRBRModells für bibliografische Informationen bereits aufzeigen. Ganz konkret werden die FRBR in die Überlegungen der IFLA Meetings of Experts an an International Cataloguing Code einbezogen und haben Einzug in die »Frankfurt principles« gefunden, deren Ziel eine Aktualisierung der »Paris principles« ist, und die bei nachfolgenden Regionaltreffen bis 2007 von Kolleginnen und Kollegen aus allen Teilen der WeIt weiter diskutiert und modifiziert werden. Durch die gegenwärtige Revision der Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR) werden die FRBR auch Einzug in das internationale Regelwerk halten.
Mit großer Spannung wurde der Vortrag von Elisabeth Niggemann und Reiner Diedrichs über das weitere Vorgehen nach Abschluss des Projekts »Umstieg auf internationale Formate und Regelwerke (MARC21, AACR2)« erwartet. Unter dem programmatischen Titel »Hinter dem Horizont geht es weiter« stellten der Vorsitzende der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme und die Generaldirektorin Der Deutschen Bibliothek vor, wie die Internationalisierung der deutschen Standards im Einzelnen aussehen soll, und welche Maßnahmen erforderlich sind. Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verbundsysteme hatte in ihrer Herbstsitzung 2004 verschiedene Beschlüsse getroffen, welche die Zusammenarbeit der Verbundsysteme fördern und erleichtern sollen. Dazu gehören u. a. die Entwicklung eines prototypischen Verfahrens für einen Neukatalogisierungsdienst mit einheitlichen Datenstrukturen und einheitlichen Formatanwendungen, die Verwendung von MARC21 als einheitlichem Austauschformat und die Entwicklung eines Matchkey-Verfahrens zur verbundübergreifenden Titelerkennung. Außerdem wurden grundsätzliche Anforderungen an das künftige Regelwerk und für eine Reorganisation der Normdatenarbeit formuliert, die die Ziele der Arbeitsgemeinschaft effektiv unterstützen sollen. Der Standardisierungsausschuss hat diese Beschlüsse in seiner 9. Sitzung im Dezember 2004 begrüßt, bestätigt und konkretisiert. Nun gilt es, die Beschlüsse zügig umzusetzen, um die gesteckten Ziele zu verfolgen: einfacher Zugang zu bibliografischer Information national wie international für wissenschaftliche und andere persönliche Nutzer, leichte Austauschbarkeit von bibliografischer Information zwischen professionellen Benutzergruppen und Anwendern und last but not least Kostenreduktion bei der Erschließung. Im Anschluss stellte Renate Gömpel, Die Deutsche Bibliothek, die IFLA-CDNL Allianz für Bibliografische Standards (ICABS) vor, die während des Weltkongresses Bibliothek und Information in Berlin als ein neues strategisches Vorhaben ins Leben gerufen wurde. Mit ICABS streben die National Library of Australia, die Library of Congress, die British Library, die Koninklijke Bibliotheek der Niederlande und Die Deutsche Bibliothek gemeinsam mit der Biblioteca Nacional Portugals, der IFLA und der Conference of Directors of National Libraries (CDNL) die Fortsetzung und Unterstützung von Schlüsselaktivitäten im Bereich der bibliografischen und der Ressourcenkontrolle sowie damit zusammenhängender Formatstandards an. Die Allianz führt damit die Arbeit der Geschäftsstellen der früheren IFLA-Kernprogramme UBCIM (Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC) und UDT (Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications) fort. In dem Vortrag wurde ein Überblick über Ziele und Vorhaben von ICABS, ihre Organisation sowie deren Arbeit als Dach für facettenreiche Aktivitäten im Bereich bibliografischer Standards gegeben. Koordiniert wird die Arbeit von ICABS durch das Advisory Board, das aus Vertretern aller beteiligten Institutionen und Organisationen besteht und dessen Vorsitz gegenwärtig ebenso wie das Sekretariat bei Der Deutschen Bibliothek angesiedelt ist. Der Standardisierungsausschuss hat bereits erste Planungen für eine Veranstaltung beim 95. Deutschen Bibliothekartag in Dresden angestellt. Dort soll über den Stand der Internationalisierung des deutschen Regelwerks, den Umstieg auf MARC21 und die Weiterentwicklung der Normdateien berichtet werden. Darüber hinaus erwartet die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer ein Bericht aus dem Joint Steering Committee for Revision of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (JSC) über den Stand der AACR3. Es wird sicherlich spannend, merken Sie sich diesen Termin vor."

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Abstract

Der Beitrag zeichnet ein aktuelles Bild der inhaltlichen Erschließung im Österreichischen Verbundkatalog, insbesondere in quantitativer Hinsicht. Um den Entwicklungsverlauf zu illustrieren, werden dazu Daten von 2005 bis 2013 präsentiert. Im Detail geht es um die verbale Sacherschließung durch RSWKbasierte Schlagwortfolgen und englischsprachige Subject Headings, sowie die klassifikatorische Erschließung mittels Basisklassifikation, Dewey Dezimalklassifikation und Regensburger Verbundklassifikation. Im Zusammenhang mit der Basisklassifikation wird auch von Anreicherungsprojekten mittels Konkordanzen und Datenübernahmen berichtet. Ausserdem werden Neuerungen bei der Suche und Anzeige klassifikatorischer Sacherschließungselemente in den Rechercheinstrumenten des Verbundes dargestellt.

Source

Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 66(2013) H.2, S.231-249

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Abstract

The biomedical book collection in the Genetech Library and Information Services was first inventoried and cataloged in 1983 when it totaled about 2000 titles. Cataloging records were retrieved from the OCLC system and used as a basis for cataloging. A year of cataloging produced a list of 1900 subject terms. More than one term describing the same concept often appears on the list, and no hierarchical structure related the terms to one another. As the collection grew, the subject catalog became increasingly inconsistent. To bring consistency to subject cataloging, a thesaurus of biomedical terms was constructed using the list of subject headings as a basis. This thesaurus follows the broad categories of the National Library of Medicine's Medical Subject Headings and, with some exceptions, the Guidelines for the Establishment and Development of Monolingual Thesauri. It has enabled the cataloger in providing greater in-depth subject analysis of materials added to the collection and in consistently assigning subject headings to cataloging record.

Theme

Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus

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Abstract

This paper discusses goals, methods and benefits of the conceptual mapping approach developed by the CrissCross project, in the framework of which the topical headings of the German subject headings authority file Schlagwortnormdatei (SWD) have been mapped to notations of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). Projectspecific retrieval concepts for improving thematic access in heterogeneous information spaces are outlined and explained on the basis of significant examples.

Series

Bibliotheca Academica - Reihe Informations- und Bibliothekswissenschaften; Bd. 1

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Object

Sears List of Subject Headings

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Object

Sears List of Subject Headings