-
Dailey, J.E.: Subject headings (1980)
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- Abstract
- Enthält Geschichte der Library of Congress Subject Headings und Sears' list
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Tabb, W.: ¬The program for cooperative cataloguing : mission, goals, and potential for international cooperation (1997)
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- Abstract
- Describes the role of the Library of Congress (LoC) in leading cooperative initiatives to overcome the crisis in cataloguing borught about by cuts in cataloguing departments. With the aim of making bibliographic control better, faster, and cheaper the LoC invited experts to discussions from which emerged the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC). Officially established in 1995, the PCC is a coalition of libraries working to increase the availability of unique records created to agreed standards. Membership now exceeds 200. Participants can join programmes for name and series authorities, subject-headings-classification proposals and contribute bibliographic records to BIBCO. Explains the democratic structure of the coalition and assesses the achievements of the LoC and PCC in pursuit of the various goals. Reviews the accomplishment of the Cooperative Online Serials Program and international ventures, involving Canada, UK, Australia and New Zealand and lists the benefits of participation in cooperative endeavours
-
Kanter, E.: Eureka and FirstSearch : two world class database services join the MELVYL system (1994)
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-
Library of Congress Subject Headings (1994)
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- Content
- Enthält 206.300 subject headings; Zuwachs des letzten Jahres: 8.000; alphabetische Liste aller früheren, nun nicht mehr gültigen headings (Earlier forms); umfangreiche Einleitung
- Footnote
- Vgl. auch Cataloging service bulletin. No.46(1989) S.65-66; ab 12th ed. 1989 jährliche Erscheinungsweise. - Neben Papierausgabe Mikrofiche und CD-ROM Ausgabe (CDMARC Subjects, $475,-; vgl. Demo-Diskette) mit jeweils vierteljährlicher Ergänzung. - Erste Ausgabe: 1911 'List of Subject Headings for use in dictionary catalogs'. Chicago: ALA 1911. - Vgl. zur Geschichte: Dailey, J.E. Subject headings in ELIS
-
Townley, H.M.; Gee, R.G.: Thesaurus-making : grow your own wordstock (1980)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Sears' list of subject headings (2018)
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- Abstract
- The system is available both in print and online versions. Names a few new subject headings in areas like science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM). In this edition, there are a total of 1,600 new headings making it a total of 12,000+ preferred headings meant for subject access in small and medium sized libraries. This unprecedented increase of about 1,600 headings is mostly due the complete incorporation of the Canadian Sears last published independently in 2006. Also critically examines inconsistencies in a few headings. Concludes to say the new edition in resplendent, hard binding maintains its stellar reputation of a handy list of general subject headings both for applications and a teaching resource.
- Footnote
- Introduction und Rez. in: Knowledge Organization 45(2018) no.8, S.712-714. u.d.T. "Satija, M. P. 2018: "The 22nd edition (2018) of the Sears List of Subject Headings: A brief introduction." (DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2018-8-712).
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Kleinberg, J.M.: Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment (1998)
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- Abstract
- The network structure of a hyperlinked environment can be a rich source of information about the content of the environment, provided we have effective means for understanding it. We develop a set of algorithmic tools for extracting information from the link structures of such environments, and report on experiments that demonstrate their effectiveness in a variety of contexts on the World Wide Web. The central issue we address within our framework is the distillation of broad search topics, through the discovery of "authoritative" information sources on such topics. We propose and test an algorithmic formulation of the notion of authority, based on the relationship between a set of relevant authoritative pages and the set of "hub pages" that join them together in the link structure. Our formulation has connections to the eigenvectors of certain matrices associated with the link graph; these connections in turn motivate additional heuristics for link-based analysis.
- Content
- Vorversionen auch in: Proceedings of the ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 1998, und als IBM Research Report RJ 10076, May 1997.
-
Gilchrist, A.: ¬The thesaurus in retrieval (1971)
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- Classification
- AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
- LCSH
- Subject headings
- RVK
- AN 94200 Allgemeines / Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft / Informationswissenschaft / Grundlagen, Theorie / Thesauruskunde
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Aitchison, J.; Gilchrist, A.: Thesaurus construction : a practical manual (1987)
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- LCSH
- Subject headings
- Subject
- Subject headings
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Satija, M.P.: ¬The sixteenth edition (1987) of the Sears' List of Subject Headings : some salient features in historical perspective of its Platinum Jubilee Year (1998) (1998)
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- Footnote
- Enthält eine Liste der 16 Auflagen der Sears' List mit den jeweiligen Herausgeberinnen / Herausgebern und Neuerungen
- Object
- Sears List of Subject Headings
-
Vickery, B.C.: Systematic subject indexing (1985)
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- Abstract
- Brian C. Vickery, Director and Professor, School of Library, Archive and Information Studies, University College, London, is a prolific writer on classification and information retrieval. This paper was one of the earliest to present initial efforts by the Classification Research Group (q.v.). In it he clearly outlined the need for classification in subject indexing, which, at the time he wrote, was not a commonplace understanding. In fact, some indexing systems were made in the first place specifically to avoid general classification systems which were out of date in all fast-moving disciplines, especially in the "hard" sciences. Vickery picked up Julia Pettee's work (q.v.) an the concealed classification in subject headings (1947) and added to it, mainly adopting concepts from the work of S. R. Ranganathan (q.v.). He had already published a paper an notation in classification, pointing out connections between notation, words, and the concepts which they represent. He was especially concerned about the structure of notational symbols as such symbols represented relationships among subjects. Vickery also emphasized that index terms cover all aspects of a subject so that, in addition to having a basis in classification, the ideal index system should also have standardized nomenclature, as weIl as show evidence of a systematic classing of elementary terms. The necessary linkage between system and terms should be one of a number of methods, notably:
- adding a relational term ("operator") to identify and join terms; - indicating grammatical case with terms where this would help clarify relationships; and - analyzing elementary terms to reveal fundamental categories where needed. He further added that a standard order for showing relational factors was highly desirable. Eventually, some years later, he was able to suggest such an order. This was accepted by his peers in the Classification Research Group, and utilized by Derek Austin in PRECIS (q.v.). Vickery began where Farradane began - with perception (a sound base according to current cognitive psychology). From this came further recognition of properties, parts, constituents, organs, effects, reactions, operations (physical and mental), added to the original "identity," "difference," "class membership," and "species." By defining categories more carefully, Vickery arrived at six (in addition to space (geographic) and time): - personality, thing, substance (e.g., dog, bicycle, rose) - part (e.g., paw, wheel, leaf) - substance (e.g., copper, water, butter) - action (e.g., scattering) - property (e.g., length, velocity) - operation (e.g., analysis, measurement) Thus, as early as 1953, the foundations were already laid for research that ultimately produced very sophisticated systems, such as PRECIS.
-
Rolling, L.: ¬The role of graphic display of concept relationships in indexing and retrieval vocabularies (1985)
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- Abstract
- The use of diagrams to express relationships in classification is not new. Many classificationists have used this approach, but usually in a minor display to make a point or for part of a difficult relational situation. Ranganathan, for example, used diagrams for some of his more elusive concepts. The thesaurus in particular and subject headings in general, with direct and indirect crossreferences or equivalents, need many more diagrams than normally are included to make relationships and even semantics clear. A picture very often is worth a thousand words. Rolling has used directed graphs (arrowgraphs) to join terms as a practical method for rendering relationships between indexing terms lucid. He has succeeded very weIl in this endeavor. Four diagrams in this selection are all that one needs to explain how to employ the system; from initial listing to completed arrowgraph. The samples of his work include illustration of off-page connectors between arrowgraphs. The great advantage to using diagrams like this is that they present relations between individual terms in a format that is easy to comprehend. But of even greater value is the fact that one can use his arrowgraphs as schematics for making three-dimensional wire-and-ball models, in which the relationships may be seen even more clearly. In fact, errors or gaps in relations are much easier to find with this methodology. One also can get across the notion of the threedimensionality of classification systems with such models. Pettee's "hand reaching up and over" (q.v.) is not a figment of the imagination. While the actual hand is a wire or stick, the concept visualized is helpful in illuminating the three-dimensional figure that is latent in all systems that have cross-references or "broader," "narrower," or, especially, "related" terms. Classification schedules, being hemmed in by the dimensions of the printed page, also benefit from such physical illustrations. Rolling, an engineer by conviction, was the developer of information systems for the Cobalt Institute, the European Atomic Energy Community, and European Coal and Steel Community. He also developed and promoted computer-aided translation at the Commission of the European Communities in Luxembourg. One of his objectives has always been to increase the efficiency of mono- and multilingual thesauri for use in multinational information systems.
-
Alby, T.: Web 2.0 : Konzepte, Anwendungen, Technologien; [ajax, api, atom, blog, folksonomy, feeds, long tail, mashup, permalink, podcast, rich user experience, rss, social software, tagging] (2007)
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- Abstract
- Dem neuen Web mal auf die Finger geschaut -- Tom Alby hat sich bereits mit seinem Suchmaschinenoptimierung-Buch einen Namen gemacht und setzt dem Erfolg seines ersten Buches nun mit Web 2.0. Konzepte, Anwendungen, Technologien noch einen drauf. Wie schon bei der Optimierung für Suchmaschinen geht er auch bei seinem Blick auf das Phänomen Web 2.0 ganzheitlich und umfassend an die Arbeit: Ideen, Technik, Umsetzungen, Beispiele, Erfolge, Probleme, Ausblicke und Interviews mit den Machern. Ein Blitzlichtfoto im dunklen Web-Dschungel. Endlich geht es dem Web wieder gut. Alle freuen sich. Die Verlierer werden die Sieger sein. Jetzt wird alles anders. Das Blablabla in den Medien klingt ähnlich wie schon zu Zeiten des Web 1.0. Und doch ist es anders. Was sich geändert hat, zeigt sich jedoch meist erst auf den zweiten Blick -- Alby hat diese Einblicke zusammen getragen und zeigt den aktuellen Stand. Ohne Wortblasen, an Beispielen mit Hintergrund. Nach einem Blick auf die Historie von der New Economy zum Web 2.0 stürzt sich Alby auf das bekannteste Web 2.0-Beispiel: den Blog. Alsdann durchleuchtet er Podcasts, Social Software wie FlickR oder Skype, Folksonomy (wo bleibt das Geld), die Plattformrepräsentanten wie Google, die Technik im Hintergrund von AJAX bis Ruby, Business-Modelle und der Blick Richtung 3.0. Zuletzt dann Interviews mit den Vorreitern der Szene: von Johnny Haeusler bis Jörg Petermann. In Web 2.0. Konzepte, Anwendungen, Technologienkann man pieksen wie man will, es platzt nicht. Das fundierte Über- und Einblicksbuch ist jedem Journalisten, Manager, Trendforscher und Webaktivisten zu empfehlen, denn wer nicht weiß, was Alby weiß, sollte zum Thema Web 2.0 lieber schweigen.
- Classification
- ST 252 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Web-Programmierung, allgemein
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 58(2007) H.3, S.187 (W. Ratzek): "So ist das mit den Trends. Viele versuchen sich als Trendsetter - und scheitern. Andere suchen nur einen werbewirksamen Titel für eine Veranstaltung, wie das der Verleger Tim O'Reilly 2004 tat, und lösen damit einen Hype aus - wie das neudeutsch heißt. Aber so ganz zufällig war O'Reillys Wortschöpfung "Web 2.0" nicht. Nach dem Platzen der New-Economy-Blase sollten Fachleute auf einer Tagung diskutieren, wie es nun mit der Internetwirtschaft weiter gehen sollte. In nur kurzer Zeit entwickelte sich das "Web 2.0" zum Inbegriff einer neuen Bewegung, der nicht nur IT-Enthusiasten angehören. Denn das "join-in-Web" (das Mitmach-Web), wie das Web 2.0 auch bezeichnet wird, bietet auch IT-Ungeübten die Möglichkeit, im Netz-der-Netz mit eigenen Inhalten, also "user generated content", präsent zu sein. Den Schlüssel zum World Wide Web erhalten sie durch "Social Software". Selbstverständlich geht Tom Alby auch ausführlich auf die Schlüsselbegriffe ein, die sich um das Web 2.0 ranken. Dazu gehören die einer breiten Nutzerschicht bekannten Anwendungen wie Blogs, RSS oder Wikis, wie auch die weniger bekannte Technologien und Entwicklungskonzepte, wie Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML), Ruby/ Ruby on Rails. In zehn Kapiteln führt Tom Alby in Konzepte, Anwendungen und Geschäftsmodelle des Web 2.0 ein. Neben technischen Aspekten geht er auch auf die soziologischen und psychologischen Aspekte ein, wenn er beispielsweise fragt "Was motiviert die Benutzer, sich in Social SoftwarePlattformen einzubringen?" (S. 108) Die Antwort leuchtet ein: "Zunächst einmal ist da die Erwartung der Benutzer, etwas für das Gegebene zurückzubekommen: Wer sein Profil mit vielen Informationen bestückt, der hat auch eine Chance, dass das Profil von anderen angesehen und eventuell Kontakt aufgenommen wird. Wer bei Wikipedia sein Wissen einbringt, der weiß auf der anderen Seite, dass er von den Beiträgen anderer profitieren kann. Dies kann auch zu einem wirklichen Gemeinschaftsgefühl führen (...) Auch ein gewisser Stolz, Teil dieser Gemeinschaft zu sein, mag dazu gehören." (S. 108.f) Tom Albys "Web 2.0" zeichnet sich auch durch die vielen Anwendungsbeispielen aus. Ergänzt werden diese durch fünf Interviews mit Praktikern wie Johnny Haeusler von Spreeblick.de oder Vasco Sommer-Nunes und Florian Wilken von blog.de. Ein umfangreiches Glossar und ein umfangreiches Stichwortverzeichnis erleichtern die Handhabbarkeit. Getreu dem" Join-in-Web" gibt es auch ein Blog (http://web20_buch.alby.de/) zum Buch, um mit dem Autor in Kontakt zu treten. Ein weiteres Plus ist die leichte Lesbarkeit, die es auch dem Nicht-Informatiker ermöglicht, die technischen Zusammenhänge zu verstehen. Wer mehr über Folksonomy, Ruby on Rails, Ajax oder Long Tail wissen möchte, dem sei Tom Albys "Web 2.0" sehr empfohlen. Dem IT-Profi wird "Web 2.0" nicht sehr viel Neues bieten, aber für Agenturen, Designer, Webentwickler, Studierende, Bibliothekarlnnen bietet dieses engagiert geschriebene Buch viel Nützliches."
- RVK
- ST 252 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Web-Programmierung, allgemein
-
Lancaster, F.W.: Vocabulary control for information retrieval (1986)
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- Classification
- ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
- LCSH
- Subject headings
- RVK
- ST 271 Informatik / Monographien / Software und -entwicklung / Datenbanken, Datenbanksysteme, Data base management, Informationssysteme / Einzelne Datenbanksprachen und Datenbanksysteme
- Subject
- Subject headings
-
Tenopir, C.; Cahn, P.: TARGET & FREESTYLE : DIALOG and Mead join the relevance ranks (1994)
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-
Sharma, N.; Butler, B.S.; Irwin, J.; Spallek, H.: Emphasizing social features in information portals : effects on new member engagement (2011)
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- Abstract
- Many information portals are adding social features with hopes of enhancing the overall user experience. Invitations to join and welcome pages that highlight these social features are expected to encourage use and participation. While this approach is widespread and seems plausible, the effect of providing and highlighting social features remains to be tested. We studied the effects of emphasizing social features on users' response to invitations, their decisions to join, their willingness to provide profile information, and their engagement with the portal's social features. The results of a quasi-experiment found no significant effect of social emphasis in invitations on receivers' responsiveness. However, users receiving invitations highlighting social benefits were less likely to join the portal and provide profile information. Social emphasis in the initial welcome page for the site also was found to have a significant effect on whether individuals joined the portal, how much profile information they provided and shared, and how much they engaged with social features on the site. Unexpectedly, users who were welcomed in a social manner were less likely to join and provided less profile information; they also were less likely to engage with social features of the portal. This suggests that even in online contexts where social activity is an increasingly common feature, highlighting the presence of social features may not always be the optimal presentation strategy.
-
Smelcer, J.B.: User errors in database query composition (1995)
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- Abstract
- Reports on the experimental test of several causes of user errors while composing database queries. The query language under consideration is SQL. A query writing model was developed that integrated a GOMS type analysis of query writing with the characterisitcs of human cognition. This model revealed multiple cognitive causes of a frequent and troublesome error, join clause omission. This semantic user error returns answers from the database that may undetectably wrong, affecting users, decision makers, and programmers. The model predicted 4 possible causes of join clause omission, and empirical testing revealed that all 4 contributed to the error. Gives reasons why the frequency of this error increased. These results are significant for understanding user errors in general and for the developing new interfaces and training schemes for the task of writing database queries
-
Schnelling, H.M.: Shakespeare im Schlagwortkatalog : Vergleichende Untersuchungen anglo-amerikanischer und deutscher Praxis verbaler Sacherschließung (1983)
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- Content
- Teilw. zugl.: Köln, Fachhochschule für Bibliotheks- und Dokumentationswesen, Hausarbeit zur Laufbahnprüfung für den Höheren Bibliotheksdienst
- LCSH
- Subject headings / Literature
Subject headings / Shakespeare, William, 1564 / 1616
- Subject
- Subject headings / Literature
Subject headings / Shakespeare, William, 1564 / 1616
-
Vasiljev, A.: Thesaurus project of the Delft University of Technology Library : Allgemeiner Thesaurus für Bibliotheken (1982)
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- Abstract
- Discussion of the results and consequences of the automation project named thesaurus/concordance project, carried out at the DUT Library. The aim of the project was, by making the subject headings and their corresponding classification codes machine readable, to produce periodically cumulative lists, classifies lists, lists per subject fields, alphabetical lists of inverted subheadings and geographical names with their corresponding main headings and notations
- Source
- Numerische und nicht-numerische Klassifikation zwischen Theorie und Praxis. Proc. der 5. Fachtagung der Gesellschaft für Klassifikation, Hofgeismar, 7.-10.4.1981. Hrsg.: Peter Ihm u.a
-
Stone, A.T.: ¬The LCSH century : a brief history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings, and introduction to the centennial essays (2000)
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- Abstract
- The history of the Library of Congress Subject Headings is traced, from its beginnings with the implementation of a dictionary catalog at the Library of Congress in 1898 to the present day. The author describes the most significant changes which have occurred in LCSH policies and practices during the 100-year period. Events noted near the end of the century indicate an increased willingness on the part of' the Library of Congress to involve the larger library community in the creation or revision of subject headings and other decision-making regarding the LCSH system. Finally, the author provides a summary of the other contributions to this collection of essays, a collection which celebrates the "centennial" of the world's most popular library subject heading language
- Content
- Mit einer Publikationsgeschichte der LCSH (vgl. Tabellen) und dazu gehörenden Publikationen
- Source
- The LCSH century: one hundred years with the Library of Congress Subject Headings system. Ed.: A.T.Stone